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Large language models (LLMs) as autonomous agents offer a novel avenue for tackling real-world challenges through a knowledge-driven manner. These LLM-enhanced methodologies excel in generalization and interpretability. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Kemou Jiang , Xuan Cai , Zhiyong Cui , Aoyong Li , Yilong Ren , Haiyang Yu , Hao Yang , Daocheng Fu , Licheng Wen , Pinlong Cai

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards improves reasoning in large language models (LLMs), but many methods still rely on large human-labeled datasets. While self-play reduces this dependency, it often lacks explicit planning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yulin Peng , Xinxin Zhu , Chenxing Wei , Nianbo Zeng , Leilei Wang , Ying Tiffany He , F. Richard Yu

HRA (Human Reliability Analysis) data is crucial for advancing HRA methodologies. however, existing data collection methods lack the necessary granularity, and most approaches fail to capture dynamic features. Additionally, many methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Xingyu Xiao , Peng Chen , Qianqian Jia , Jiejuan Tong , Jingang Liang , Haitao Wang

Negotiation is a core component of social intelligence, requiring agents to balance strategic reasoning, cooperation, and social norms. Recent work shows that LLMs can engage in multi-turn negotiation, yet nearly all evaluations occur…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Stuti Sinha , Himanshu Kumar , Aryan Raju Mandapati , Rakshit Sakhuja , Dhruv Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed agent-agent and human-agent interaction by enabling software, physical, and simulation agents to communicate and deliberate through natural language. Yet fluent language use does not by itself…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Önder Gürcan , Moharram Challenger

In this work, we develop a game-theoretic modeling of the interaction between a human operator and an autonomous decision aid when they collaborate in a multi-agent task allocation setting. In this setting, we propose a decision aid that is…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Larkin Heintzman , Ryan K. Williams

Agentic reinforcement learning increasingly relies on experience-driven scaling, yet real-world environments remain non-adaptive, limited in coverage, and difficult to scale. World models offer a potential way to improve learning efficiency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yixia Li , Hongru Wang , Jiahao Qiu , Zhenfei Yin , Dongdong Zhang , Cheng Qian , Zeping Li , Pony Ma , Guanhua Chen , Heng Ji

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) aligns large language models (LLMs) by encouraging their generations to have high rewards, using a reward model trained on human preferences. To prevent the forgetting of pre-trained…

While delegating tasks to large language models (LLMs) can save people time, there is growing evidence that offloading tasks to such models produces social costs. We use behavior in two canonical economic games to study whether people have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Paweł Niszczota , Elia Antoniou

Issue resolution has made remarkable progress thanks to the advanced reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recently, agent-based frameworks such as SWE-agent have further advanced this progress by enabling autonomous,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Han Li , Yuling Shi , Shaoxin Lin , Xiaodong Gu , Heng Lian , Xin Wang , Yantao Jia , Tao Huang , Qianxiang Wang

Implicit sentiment analysis (ISA) presents significant challenges due to the absence of salient cue words. Previous methods have struggled with insufficient data and limited reasoning capabilities to infer underlying opinions. Integrating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Wenna Lai , Haoran Xie , Guandong Xu , Qing Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful machine learning technique that has been successfully applied to a wide variety of problems. However, it can be unpredictable and produce suboptimal results in complicated learning environments.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Brian Mintz , Feng Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced autonomous agents' planning and decision-making, yet they struggle with complex tasks requiring diverse expertise and multi-step reasoning. Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) systems, introduced in NLP…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jina Chun , Qihong Chen , Jiawei Li , Iftekhar Ahmed

Strategic social deduction games serve as valuable testbeds for evaluating the understanding and inference skills of language models, offering crucial insights into social science, artificial intelligence, and strategic gaming. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Yizhou Chi , Lingjun Mao , Zineng Tang

With the prospect of autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) agents, studying their tendency for cooperative behavior becomes an increasingly relevant topic. This study is inspired by the super-additive cooperation theory, where the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Filippo Tonini , Lukas Galke

A central problem in the theory of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is to understand what structural conditions and algorithmic principles lead to sample-efficient learning guarantees, and how these considerations change as we move…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Dylan J. Foster , Dean P. Foster , Noah Golowich , Alexander Rakhlin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically aligned with human values using preference data or predefined principles such as helpfulness, honesty, and harmlessness. However, as AI systems progress toward Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Panatchakorn Anantaprayoon , Nataliia Babina , Jad Tarifi , Nima Asgharbeygi

In Social Deduction Games (SDGs) such as Avalon, Mafia, and Werewolf, players conceal their identities and deliberately mislead others, making hidden-role inference a central and demanding task. Accurate role identification, which forms the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Kaijie Xu , Fandi Meng , Clark Verbrugge , Simon Lucas

The remarkable growth in large language model (LLM) capabilities has spurred exploration into multi-agent systems, with debate frameworks emerging as a promising avenue for enhanced problem-solving. These multi-agent debate (MAD)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yongjin Yang , Euiin Yi , Jongwoo Ko , Kimin Lee , Zhijing Jin , Se-Young Yun

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for social simulation is a frontier in computational social science. Understanding the social logics these agents embody is critical to this attempt. However, existing research has primarily focused…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Haoyang Li , Xiao Jia , Zhanzhan Zhao