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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate remarkable potential for generalizable robotic manipulation. The execution of complex multi-step behaviors in VLA models can be improved by robust instruction grounding, a critical component…

We propose a new Verbal Reinforcement Learning (VRL) framework for interpretable task-level planning in mobile robotic systems operating under execution uncertainty. The framework follows a closed-loop architecture that enables iterative…

Accurately estimating workload runtime is a longstanding goal in computer systems, and plays a key role in efficient resource provisioning, latency minimization, and various other system management tasks. Runtime prediction is particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Tianshu Huang , Arjun Ramesh , Emily Ruppel , Nuno Pereira , Anthony Rowe , Carlee Joe-Wong

Developing a safe and efficient collision avoidance policy for multiple robots is challenging in the decentralized scenarios where each robot generate its paths without observing other robots' states and intents. While other distributed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Pinxin Long , Tingxiang Fan , Xinyi Liao , Wenxi Liu , Hao Zhang , Jia Pan

Execution monitor of high-level robot actions can be effectively improved by visual monitoring the state of the world in terms of preconditions and postconditions that hold before and after the execution of an action. Furthermore a policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-02 Francesco Puja , Simone Grazioso , Antonio Tammaro , Valsmis Ntouskos , Marta Sanzari , Fiora Pirri

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) systems have demonstrated strong capabilities in embodied manipulation. However, most existing VLA policies rely on limited observation windows and end-to-end action prediction, which makes them brittle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zhen Liu , Xinyu Ning , Zhe Hu , Xinxin Xie , Weize Li , Zhipeng Tang , Chongyu Wang , Zejun Yang , Hanlin Wang , Yitong Liu , Zhongzhu Pu

Robots are increasingly being deployed not only in workplaces but also in households. Effectively execute of manipulation tasks by robots relies on variable impedance control with contact forces. Furthermore, robots should possess adaptive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yu Zhang , Long Cheng , Xiuze Xia , Haoyu Zhang

Prompt-based learning has been demonstrated as a compelling paradigm contributing to large language models' tremendous success (LLMs). Inspired by their success in language tasks, existing research has leveraged LLMs in embodied instruction…

AI and robotics technologies have witnessed remarkable advancements in the past decade, revolutionizing work patterns and opportunities in various domains. The application of these technologies has propelled society towards an era of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Junjie Li , Kang Li , Dewei Han , Jian Xu , Zhaoyuan Ma

For robots to successfully transition from lab settings to everyday environments, they must begin to reason about the risks associated with their actions and make informed, risk-aware decisions. This is particularly true for robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Michael Groom , James Wilson , Nick Hawes , Lars Kunze

Learning identifiable representations and models from low-level observations is helpful for an intelligent spacecraft to complete downstream tasks reliably. For temporal observations, to ensure that the data generating process is provably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Congxi Zhang , Yongchun Xie

Planning safe motions for legged robots requires sophisticated safety verification tools. However, designing such tools for such complex systems is challenging due to the nonlinear and high-dimensional nature of these systems' dynamics. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Junhyeok Ahn , Seung Hyeon Bang , Carlos Gonzalez , Yuanchen Yuan , Luis Sentis

Robotic manipulation is essential for modernizing factories and automating industrial tasks like polishing, which require advanced tactile abilities. These robots must be easily set up, safely work with humans, learn tasks autonomously, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Anran Zhang , Kübra Karacan , Hamid Sadeghian , Yansong Wu , Fan Wu , Sami Haddadin

To enable safe and effective human-robot collaboration (HRC) in smart manufacturing, seamless integration of sensing, cognition, and prediction into the robot controller is critical for real-time awareness, response, and communication…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Dianhao Zhang , Mien Van , Pantelis Sopasakis , Seán McLoone

Contact-rich manipulation requires not only vision-dominant task semantics but also closed-loop reactions to force/torque (F/T) transients. Yet, generative visuomotor policies are typically constrained to low-frequency updates due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mingxin Wang , Zhirun Yue , Renhao Lu , Yizhe Li , Zihan Wang , Guoping Pan , Kangkang Dong , Jun Cheng , Yi Cheng , Houde Liu

High-fidelity physics simulation is essential for scalable robotic learning, but the sim-to-real gap persists, especially for tasks involving complex, dynamic, and discontinuous interactions like physical contacts. Explicit system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Changwei Jing , Jai Krishna Bandi , Jianglong Ye , Yan Duan , Pieter Abbeel , Xiaolong Wang , Sha Yi

Robotic instruction following tasks require seamless integration of visual perception, task planning, target localization, and motion execution. However, existing task planning methods for instruction following are either data-driven or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zijun Lin , Chao Tang , Hanjing Ye , Hong Zhang

Traditional control and planning for robotic manipulation heavily rely on precise physical models and predefined action sequences. While effective in structured environments, such approaches often fail in real-world scenarios due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jin Wang , Weijie Wang , Boyuan Deng , Heng Zhang , Rui Dai , Nikos Tsagarakis

The advancement of embodied intelligence is accelerating the integration of robots into daily life as human assistants. This evolution requires robots to not only interpret high-level instructions and plan tasks but also perceive and adapt…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhichen Lou , Kechun Xu , Zhongxiang Zhou , Rong Xiong

To achieve natural and intuitive interaction with people, HRI frameworks combine a wide array of methods for human perception, intention communication, human-aware navigation and collaborative action. In practice, when encountering…