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Related papers: SkillJect: Effectively Automating Skill-Based Prom…

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Skill libraries have become a practical way for LLM agents to reuse procedural experience across tasks. However, existing systems typically treat skills as flat, single-resolution prompt blocks. This creates a tension between relevance and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yongliang Miao , Ziyang Yu , Liang Zhao , Bowen Zhu , Hasibul Haque

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly used to automate complex workflows, but integrating untrusted external data with privileged execution exposes them to severe security risks, particularly direct and indirect prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zonghao Ying , Haozheng Wang , Jiangfan Liu , Quanchen Zou , Aishan Liu , Jian Yang , Yaodong Yang , Xianglong Liu

Prompt injection attacks deceive a large language model into completing an attacker-specified task instead of its intended task by contaminating its input data with an injected prompt, which consists of injected instruction(s) and data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yuqi Jia , Yupei Liu , Zedian Shao , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Gong

Recent advancements have led to the widespread adoption of code-oriented large language models (Code LLMs) for programming tasks. Despite their success in deployment, their security research is left far behind. This paper introduces a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yuchen Yang , Yiming Li , Hongwei Yao , Bingrun Yang , Yiling He , Tianwei Zhang , Dacheng Tao , Zhan Qin

AI agent development relies heavily on natural language prompting to define agents' tasks, knowledge, and goals. These prompts are interpreted by Large Language Models (LLMs), which govern agent behavior. Consequently, agentic performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Roi Ben-Gigi , Yuval David , Fabiana Fournier , Lior Limonad , Dany Moshkovich , Hadar Mulian , Segev Shlomov

The security of LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) is critically threatened by propagation vulnerability, where malicious agents can distort collective decision-making through inter-agent message interactions. While existing supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Rui Miao , Yixin Liu , Yili Wang , Xu Shen , Yue Tan , Yiwei Dai , Shirui Pan , Xin Wang

In this paper, we propose a new learning technique named message-dropout to improve the performance for multi-agent deep reinforcement learning under two application scenarios: 1) classical multi-agent reinforcement learning with direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Woojun Kim , Myungsik Cho , Youngchul Sung

The rapid advancement of large vision language models (LVLMs) and agent systems has heightened interest in mobile GUI agents that can reliably translate natural language into interface operations. Existing single-agent approaches, however,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Quanfeng Lu , Zhantao Ma , Shuai Zhong , Jin Wang , Dahai Yu , Michael K. Ng , Ping Luo

Large language model (LLM) agents are moving beyond prompting alone. ChatGPT marked the rise of general-purpose LLM assistants, DeepSeek showed that on-policy reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards can improve reasoning and tool…

Natural language interfaces to structured databases are becoming increasingly common, largely due to advances in large language models (LLMs) that enable users to query data using conversational input rather than formal query languages such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Farzad Nourmohammadzadeh Motlagh , Mehrdad Hajizadeh , Mehryar Majd , Pejman Najafi , Feng Cheng , Christoph Meinel

Despite their growing adoption across domains, large language model (LLM)-powered agents face significant security risks from backdoor attacks during training and fine-tuning. These compromised agents can subsequently be manipulated to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Li Changjiang , Liang Jiacheng , Cao Bochuan , Chen Jinghui , Wang Ting

AI agents capable of GUI understanding and Model Context Protocol are increasingly deployed to automate mobile tasks. However, their reliance on over-privileged, static permissions creates a critical vulnerability: instruction injection.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Yifeng Cai , Ziming Wang , Zhaomeng Deng , Mengyu Yao , Junlin Liu , Yutao Hu , Ziqi Zhang , Yao Guo , Ding Li

LLM-based agents execute real-world workflows via tools and memory. These affordances enable ill-intended adversaries to also use these agents to carry out complex misuse scenarios. Existing agent misuse benchmarks largely test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nivya Talokar , Ayush K Tarun , Murari Mandal , Maksym Andriushchenko , Antoine Bosselut

While imitation learning has shown impressive results in single-task robot manipulation, scaling it to multi-task settings remains a fundamental challenge due to issues such as suboptimal demonstrations, trajectory noise, and behavioral…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yihang Zhu , Weiqing Wang , Shijie Wu , Ye Shi , Jingya Wang

Agent skills extend LLM agents with reusable instructions, tool interfaces, and executable code, and users increasingly install third-party skills from marketplaces, repositories, and community channels. Because a skill exposes both…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zhaojiacheng Zhou

The emergence of autonomous Large Language Model (LLM) agents capable of tool usage has introduced new safety risks that go beyond traditional conversational misuse. These agents, empowered to execute external functions, are vulnerable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Zeyang Sha , Hanling Tian , Zhuoer Xu , Shiwen Cui , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang

The inherent non-deterministic nature of autonomous agents, particularly within low-code/no-code (LCNC) environments, presents significant reliability challenges. Agents can become trapped in unforeseen loops, generate inaccurate outputs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Jiexi Xu

Agent Skills are structured packages of procedural knowledge that augment LLM agents at inference time. Despite rapid adoption, there is no standard way to measure whether they actually help. We present SkillsBench, a benchmark of 86 tasks…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant promise in real-world decision-making tasks for embodied artificial intelligence, especially when fine-tuned to leverage their inherent common sense and reasoning abilities while being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ruochen Jiao , Shaoyuan Xie , Justin Yue , Takami Sato , Lixu Wang , Yixuan Wang , Qi Alfred Chen , Qi Zhu

Third-party agent skills extend LLM-based agents with instruction files and executable code that run on users' machines. Skills execute with user privileges and are distributed through community registries with minimal vetting, but no…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yi Liu , Zhihao Chen , Yanjun Zhang , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Jianting Ning , Ying Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang
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