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Purpose: The governance of artificial iintelligence (AI) systems requires a structured approach that connects high-level regulatory principles with practical implementation. Existing frameworks lack clarity on how regulations translate into…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Avinash Agarwal , Manisha J. Nene

Recent advances in large multimodal models have enabled new opportunities in embodied AI, particularly in robotic manipulation. These models have shown strong potential in generalization and reasoning, but achieving reliable and responsible…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Lei Zhang , Ju Dong , Kaixin Bai , Minheng Ni , Zoltan-Csaba Marton , Zhaopeng Chen , Jianwei Zhang

Artificial intelligence (AI) is often presented as a key tool for addressing societal challenges, such as climate change. At the same time, AI's environmental footprint is expanding increasingly. This report describes the systemic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Julian Schön , Lena Hoffmann , Nikolas Becker

Incident monitoring can drive safety improvements in high-reliability industries and population-scale technologies, but remains underdeveloped in AI governance. Public databases catalog thousands of AI incidents, but simple incident counts…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Isaak Mengesha , Branwen Owen , Charlie Collins , Tina Wong , Simon Mylius , Peter Slattery , Sean McGregor

We introduce FrontierMath, a benchmark of hundreds of original, exceptionally challenging mathematics problems crafted and vetted by expert mathematicians. The questions cover most major branches of modern mathematics -- from…

AI agents hold the potential to revolutionize scientific productivity by automating literature reviews, replicating experiments, analyzing data, and even proposing new directions of inquiry; indeed, there are now many such agents, ranging…

Agentic AIs $-$ AIs that are capable and permitted to undertake complex actions with little supervision $-$ mark a new frontier in AI capabilities and raise new questions about how to safely create and align such systems with users,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Hayley Clatterbuck , Clinton Castro , Arvo Muñoz Morán

Companies like OpenAI, Google DeepMind, and Anthropic have the stated goal of building artificial general intelligence (AGI) - AI systems that perform as well as or better than humans on a wide variety of cognitive tasks. However, there are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Leonie Koessler , Jonas Schuett

AI Safety has become a vital front-line concern of many scientists within and outside the AI community. There are many immediate and long term anticipated risks that range from existential risk to human existence to deep fakes and bias in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Simon Kasif

This paper introduces BioAgent Bench, a benchmark dataset and an evaluation suite designed for measuring the performance and robustness of AI agents in common bioinformatics tasks. The benchmark contains curated end-to-end tasks (e.g.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Dionizije Fa , Marko Culjak , Bruno Pandza , Mateo Cupic

LLMs demand significant computational resources for both pre-training and fine-tuning, requiring distributed computing capabilities due to their large model sizes \cite{sastry2024computing}. Their complex architecture poses challenges…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Todor Ivanov , Valeri Penchev

As autonomous coding agents become capable of handling increasingly long-horizon tasks, they have gradually demonstrated the potential to complete end-to-end software development. Although existing benchmarks have recently evolved from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qingnan Ren , Shun Zou , Shiting Huang , Ziao Zhang , Kou Shi , Zhen Fang , Yiming Zhao , Yu Zeng , Qisheng Su , Lin Chen , Yong Wang , Zehui Chen , Xiangxiang Chu , Feng Zhao

Assurance for artificial intelligence (AI) systems remains fragmented across software supply-chain security, adversarial machine learning, and governance documentation. Existing transparency mechanisms - including Model Cards, Datasheets,…

Embedding artificial intelligence into systems introduces significant challenges to modern engineering practices. Hazard analysis tools and processes have not yet been adequately adapted to the new paradigm. This paper describes initial…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Nikolas Martelaro , Carol J. Smith , Tamara Zilovic

The meteoric rise of AI, with its rapidly expanding market capitalization, presents both transformative opportunities and critical challenges. Chief among these is the urgent need for a new, unified paradigm for trustworthy evaluation, as…

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) in quantitative investment has seen significant advancements, yet it lacks a standardized benchmark aligned with industry practices. This gap hinders research progress and limits the practical…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-29 Saizhuo Wang , Hao Kong , Jiadong Guo , Fengrui Hua , Yiyan Qi , Wanyun Zhou , Jiahao Zheng , Xinyu Wang , Lionel M. Ni , Jian Guo

We draw on our experience working on system and software assurance and evaluation for systems important to society to summarise how safety engineering is performed in traditional critical systems, such as aircraft flight control. We analyse…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Robin Bloomfield , John Rushby

AI model documentation is fragmented across platforms and inconsistent in structure, preventing policymakers, auditors, and users from reliably assessing safety claims, data provenance, and version-level changes. We analyzed documentation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Akhmadillo Mamirov , Faiaz Azmain , Hanyu Wang

As artificial intelligence scales, the concepts of alignment, agency, and autonomy have become central to AI safety, governance, and control. However, even in human contexts, these terms lack universal definitions, varying across…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Krti Tallam

AI agents, specifically powered by large language models, have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various applications where precision and efficacy are necessary. However, these agents come with inherent risks, including the potential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ishaan Domkundwar , Mukunda N S , Ishaan Bhola , Riddhik Kochhar