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The recent development of powerful AI systems has highlighted the need for robust risk management frameworks in the AI industry. Although companies have begun to implement safety frameworks, current approaches often lack the systematic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Simeon Campos , Henry Papadatos , Fabien Roger , Chloé Touzet , Otter Quarks , Malcolm Murray

Following the AI Seoul Summit in 2024, twelve AI companies published frontier AI safety frameworks (Frameworks) outlining their approaches to managing catastrophic risks from advanced AI systems. Emerging legislation increasingly treats…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Lily Stelling , Malcolm Murray , Bruno Galizzi , Max Schaffelder , Siméon Campos , Henry Papadatos

AI safety benchmarks are pivotal for safety in advanced AI systems; however, they have significant technical, epistemic, and sociotechnical shortcomings. We present a review of 210 safety benchmarks that maps out common challenges in safety…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Cheng Yu , Severin Engelmann , Ruoxuan Cao , Dalia Ali , Orestis Papakyriakopoulos

To understand and identify the unprecedented risks posed by rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) models, Frontier AI Risk Management Framework in Practice presents a comprehensive assessment of their frontier risks. As Large…

Advanced AI models hold the promise of tremendous benefits for humanity, but society needs to proactively manage the accompanying risks. In this paper, we focus on what we term "frontier AI" models: highly capable foundation models that…

Given rapid progress toward advanced AI and risks from frontier AI systems (advanced AI systems pushing the boundaries of the AI capabilities frontier), the creation and implementation of AI governance and regulatory schemes deserves…

As part of the Frontier AI Safety Commitments agreed to at the 2024 AI Seoul Summit, many AI developers agreed to publish a safety framework outlining how they will manage potential severe risks associated with their systems. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Marie Davidsen Buhl , Ben Bucknall , Tammy Masterson

Frontier AI models -- highly capable foundation models at the cutting edge of AI development -- may pose severe risks to public safety, human rights, economic stability, and societal value in the coming years. These risks could arise from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Deepika Raman , Nada Madkour , Evan R. Murphy , Krystal Jackson , Jessica Newman

To understand and identify the unprecedented risks posed by rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) models, this report presents a comprehensive assessment of their frontier risks. Drawing on the E-T-C analysis (deployment…

The rapid expansion of large language model (LLM) safety evaluation has produced a substantial benchmark ecosystem, but not a correspondingly coherent measurement ecosystem. We present AISafetyBenchExplorer, a structured catalogue of 195 AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Abiodun A. Solanke

Foundation models (FMs) provide societal benefits but also amplify risks. Governments, companies, and researchers have proposed regulatory frameworks, acceptable use policies, and safety benchmarks in response. However, existing public…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Yi Zeng , Yu Yang , Andy Zhou , Jeffrey Ziwei Tan , Yuheng Tu , Yifan Mai , Kevin Klyman , Minzhou Pan , Ruoxi Jia , Dawn Song , Percy Liang , Bo Li

Frontier AI both amplifies existing risks and introduces qualitatively novel challenges. Not only is there a notable lack of stable scientific consensus resulting from the rapid pace of technological change, but emerging frontier AI safety…

Over the past year, artificial intelligence (AI) companies have been increasingly adopting AI safety frameworks. These frameworks outline how companies intend to keep the potential risks associated with developing and deploying frontier AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Jide Alaga , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

As frontier AI systems advance toward transformative capabilities, we need a parallel transformation in how we measure and evaluate these systems to ensure safety and inform governance. While benchmarks have been the primary method for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Markov Grey , Charbel-Raphaël Segerie

Risk thresholds provide a measure of the level of risk exposure that a society or individual is willing to withstand, ultimately shaping how we determine the safety of technological systems. Against the backdrop of the Cold War, the first…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Heidy Khlaaf , Sarah Myers West

Frontier AI systems are being adopted across Africa, yet most AI safety evaluations are designed and validated in Western environments. In this paper, we argue that the portability gap can leave Africa-centric pathways to severe harm…

Frontier AI developers operate at the intersection of rapid technical progress, extreme risk exposure, and growing regulatory scrutiny. While a range of external evaluations and safety frameworks have emerged, comparatively little attention…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Francesca Gomez , Adam Buick , Leah Ferentinos , Haelee Kim , Elley Lee

Quantitative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Benchmarks have emerged as fundamental tools for evaluating the performance, capability, and safety of AI models and systems. Currently, they shape the direction of AI development and are playing an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Maria Eriksson , Erasmo Purificato , Arman Noroozian , Joao Vinagre , Guillaume Chaslot , Emilia Gomez , David Fernandez-Llorca

As artificial intelligence systems grow more powerful, there has been increasing interest in "AI safety" research to address emerging and future risks. However, the field of AI safety remains poorly defined and inconsistently measured,…

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