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Training large language representation models has become a standard in the natural language processing community. This allows for fine tuning on any number of specific tasks, however, these large high capacity models can continue to train…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Kristjan Arumae , Parminder Bhatia

Building reliable speech systems often requires combining multiple modalities, like audio and visual cues. While such multimodal solutions frequently lead to improvements in performance and may even be critical in certain cases, they come…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Joanna Hong , Sanjeel Parekh , Honglie Chen , Jacob Donley , Ke Tan , Buye Xu , Anurag Kumar

Auscultation is a vital diagnostic tool, yet its utility is often limited by subjective interpretation. While general-purpose Audio-Language Models (ALMs) excel in general domains, they struggle with the nuances of physiological signals. We…

The ability to comprehend audio--which includes speech, non-speech sounds, and music--is crucial for AI agents to interact effectively with the world. We present MMAU, a novel benchmark designed to evaluate multimodal audio understanding…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 S Sakshi , Utkarsh Tyagi , Sonal Kumar , Ashish Seth , Ramaneswaran Selvakumar , Oriol Nieto , Ramani Duraiswami , Sreyan Ghosh , Dinesh Manocha

This paper investigates how to better leverage large-scale pre-trained uni-modal models to further enhance discriminative multi-modal learning. Even when fine-tuned with only uni-modal data, these models can outperform previous multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Chenzhuang Du , Yue Zhao , Chonghua Liao , Jiacheng You , Jie Fu , Hang Zhao

In the era of large-scale pre-trained models, effectively adapting general knowledge to specific affective computing tasks remains a challenge, particularly regarding computational efficiency and multimodal heterogeneity. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yan Li , Yifei Xing , Xiangyuan Lan , Xin Li , Haifeng Chen , Dongmei Jiang

We introduce CoMET, \textit{\textbf{C}omposing \textbf{M}odality \textbf{E}ncoders with \textbf{T}abular foundation models}, a simple yet highly competitive method for multimodal classification: pass each modality through a frozen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Herman Bergström , Aditya Mehrotra , Rahul G. Krishnan

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various NLP tasks with a focus on English due to English-centric pre-training and limited multilingual data. In this work, we focus on the problem of translation, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoran Xu , Kenton Murray , Philipp Koehn , Hieu Hoang , Akiko Eriguchi , Huda Khayrallah

The success of large-scale visual language pretraining (VLP) models has driven widespread adoption of image-text retrieval tasks. However, their deployment on mobile devices remains limited due to large model sizes and computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yuqi Li , Chuanguang Yang , Junhao Dong , Zhengtao Yao , Haoyan Xu , Zeyu Dong , Hansheng Zeng , Zhulin An , Yingli Tian

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that domain-adapted large language models (LLMs) do not consistently outperform general-purpose counterparts on standard medical benchmarks, raising questions about the need for specialized clinical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Ane G. Domingo-Aldama , Iker De La Iglesia , Maitane Urruela , Aitziber Atutxa , Ander Barrena

Neural audio codecs are widely used as tokenizers for spoken language models, but they are optimized for waveform reconstruction rather than autoregressive prediction. This mismatch injects acoustically driven uncertainty into the discrete…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ho-Lam Chung , Yiming Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Recent advances in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have opened new possibilities for unified modeling of speech, text, images, and other modalities. Building on our prior work, this paper examines the conditions and model…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yiwen Guan , Viet Anh Trinh , Vivek Voleti , Jacob Whitehill

Recommender Systems (RS) play a pivotal role in boosting user satisfaction by providing personalized product suggestions in domains such as e-commerce and entertainment. This study examines the integration of multimodal data text and audio…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Zezheng Qin

Recent advances in music foundation models have improved audio representation learning, yet their effectiveness across diverse musical traditions remains limited. We introduce CultureMERT-95M, a multi-culturally adapted foundation model…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Angelos-Nikolaos Kanatas , Charilaos Papaioannou , Alexandros Potamianos

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with vision-language (VL) tasks has been a transformative development in the realm of artificial intelligence, highlighting the potential of LLMs as a versatile general-purpose chatbot.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Vedanshu , MM Tripathi , Bhavnesh Jaint

Existing on-device AI architectures for resource-constrained environments face two critical limitations: they lack compactness, with parameter requirements scaling proportionally to task complexity, and they exhibit poor generalizability,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jae-Bum Seo , Muhammad Salman , Lismer Andres Caceres-Najarro

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4o and Qwen3-Omni show strong perception but struggle in multi-speaker, dialogue-centric settings that demand agentic reasoning tracking who speaks, maintaining roles, and…

Recent breakthroughs and successful deployment of large language and vision models in a constrained environment predominantly follow a two phase approach. First, large models are trained to achieve peak performance, followed by a model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Hanna Mazzawi , Pranjal Awasthi , Xavi Gonzalvo , Srikumar Ramalingam

Although the advancements of pre-trained Large Language Models have significantly accelerated recent progress in NLP, their ever-increasing size poses significant challenges for conventional fine-tuning, especially in memory-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Chenxi Whitehouse , Fantine Huot , Jasmijn Bastings , Mostafa Dehghani , Chu-Cheng Lin , Mirella Lapata

We present a joint Speech and Language Model (SLM), a multitask, multilingual, and dual-modal model that takes advantage of pretrained foundational speech and language models. SLM freezes the pretrained foundation models to maximally…

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