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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results on natural language tasks, and security researchers are beginning to employ them in both offensive and defensive systems. In cyber-security, there have been multiple research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jiacen Xu , Jack W. Stokes , Geoff McDonald , Xuesong Bai , David Marshall , Siyue Wang , Adith Swaminathan , Zhou Li

Multi-agent systems (MAS) powered by LLMs promise adaptive, reasoning-driven enterprise workflows, yet granting agents autonomous control over tools, memory, and communication introduces attack surfaces absent from deterministic pipelines.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Shaswata Mitra , Raj Patel , Sudip Mittal , Md Rayhanur Rahman , Shahram Rahimi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly transitioning from conversational assistants to autonomous agents embedded in critical organizational functions, including Security Operations Centers (SOCs), financial systems, and infrastructure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Giuseppe Canale , Kashyap Thimmaraju

Harmful fine-tuning attacks pose a major threat to the security of large language models (LLMs), allowing adversaries to compromise safety guardrails with minimal harmful data. While existing defenses attempt to reinforce LLM alignment,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuhui Wang , Rongyi Zhu , Ting Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a transformative leap in artificial intelligence, enabling the comprehension, generation, and nuanced interaction with human language on an unparalleled scale. However, LLMs are increasingly vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Nan Wang , Kane Walter , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba

Malicious software (malware) is a major cyber threat that has to be tackled with Machine Learning (ML) techniques because millions of new malware examples are injected into cyberspace on a daily basis. However, ML is vulnerable to attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Deqiang Li , Qianmu Li , Yanfang Ye , Shouhuai Xu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in human-AI teams as support agents for complex tasks such as information retrieval, programming, and decision-making assistance. While these agents' autonomy and contextual knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Abed K. Musaffar , Ambuj Singh , Francesco Bullo

The security of cloud environments, such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), is complex and dynamic. Static security policies have become inadequate as threats evolve and cloud resources exhibit elasticity [1]. This paper addresses the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Muhammad Saqib , Dipkumar Mehta , Fnu Yashu , Shubham Malhotra

While virtualization and resource pooling empower cloud networks with structural flexibility and elastic scalability, they inevitably expand the attack surface and challenge cyber resilience. Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yixiao Peng , Hao Hu , Feiyang Li , Xinye Cao , Yingchang Jiang , Jipeng Tang , Guoshun Nan , Yuling Liu

Understanding adversarial behavior in cybersecurity has traditionally relied on high-level intelligence reports and manual interpretation of attack chains. However, real-time defense requires the ability to infer attacker intent and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Soham Hans , Stacy Marsella , Sophia Hirschmann , Nikolos Gurney

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming cybersecurity by enabling intelligent, adaptive, and automated approaches to threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and incident response. With their advanced language understanding and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Niveen O. Jaffal , Mohammed Alkhanafseh , David Mohaisen

This study evaluates the application of predictive analytics for real-time cyber-attack detection and response, focusing on how statistical and machine learning methods can improve decision-making in Security Operations Centers (SOCs).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Muhammad Danish

Cloud computing has changed online communities in three dimensions, which are scalability, adaptability and reduced overhead. But there are serious security concerns which are brought about by its distributed and multi-tenant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Gaurav Sarraf , Vibhor Pal

Ensuring and improving the safety of autonomous driving systems (ADS) is crucial for the deployment of highly automated vehicles, especially in safety-critical events. To address the rarity issue, adversarial scenario generation methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuewen Mei , Tong Nie , Jian Sun , Ye Tian

Machine learning techniques are currently used extensively for automating various cybersecurity tasks. Most of these techniques utilize supervised learning algorithms that rely on training the algorithm to classify incoming data into…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Prithviraj Dasgupta , Joseph B. Collins

The application of Artificial Intelligence has become a powerful approach to detecting software vulnerabilities. However, effective vulnerability detection relies on accurately capturing the semantic structure of code and its contextual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-12 José Gonçalves , Miguel Silva , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Efficiently modeling and exploiting opponents is a long-standing challenge in adversarial domains. Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on extensive textual data have recently demonstrated outstanding performance in general tasks,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shuai Xu , Sijia Cui , Yanna Wang , Bo Xu , Qi Wang

Over the past decade, there has been extensive research aimed at enhancing the robustness of neural networks, yet this problem remains vastly unsolved. Here, one major impediment has been the overestimation of the robustness of new defense…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Leo Schwinn , David Dobre , Stephan Günnemann , Gauthier Gidel

In cloud computing environments with many virtual machines, containers, and other systems, an epidemic of malware can be highly threatening to business processes. In this vision paper, we introduce a hierarchical approach to performing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Josh Payne , Ashish Kundu

Large Language Models (LLMs) & Generative AI are transforming cybersecurity, enabling both advanced defenses and new attacks. Organizations now use LLMs for threat detection, code review, and DevSecOps automation, while adversaries leverage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kiarash Ahi , Vaibhav Agrawal , Saeed Valizadeh