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Martian terrain recognition is pivotal for advancing our understanding of topography, geomorphology, paleoclimate, and habitability. While deep clustering methods have shown promise in learning semantically homogeneous feature embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tejas Panambur , Mario Parente

Recent advances in prompt learning have allowed users to interact with artificial intelligence (AI) tools in multi-turn dialogue, enabling an interactive understanding of images. However, it is difficult and inefficient to deliver…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Wei Zhang , Miaoxin Cai , Tong Zhang , Jun Li , Yin Zhuang , Xuerui Mao

Earth vision has achieved milestones in geospatial object recognition but lacks exploration in object-relational reasoning, limiting comprehensive scene understanding. To address this, a progressive Earth vision-language understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Junjue Wang , Yanfei Zhong , Zihang Chen , Zhuo Zheng , Ailong Ma , Liangpei Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong cross-modal reasoning capabilities, yet their potential for vision-only tasks remains underexplored. We investigate MLLMs as training-free similarity estimators for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Bahey Tharwat , Giorgos Kordopatis-Zilos , Pavel Suma , Ian Reid , Giorgos Tolias

The NASA Planetary Data System (PDS) hosts millions of images of planets, moons, and other bodies collected throughout many missions. The ever-expanding nature of data and user engagement demands an interpretable content classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Bhavan Vasu , Steven Lu , Emily Dunkel , Kiri L. Wagstaff , Kevin Grimes , Michael McAuley

Information retrieval is a rapidly evolving field of information retrieval, which is characterized by a continuous refinement of techniques and technologies, from basic hyperlink-based navigation to sophisticated algorithm-driven search…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Dipankar Sarkar

Accurate material retrieval is critical for creating realistic 3D assets. Existing methods rely on datasets that capture shape-invariant and lighting-varied representations of materials, which are scarce and face challenges due to limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Jianhui Wang , Zhifei Yang , Yangfan He , Huixiong Zhang , Yuxuan Chen , Jingwei Huang

Digital elevation modeling of planetary surfaces is essential for studying past and ongoing geological processes. Wide-angle imagery acquired during spacecraft descent promises to offer a low-cost option for high-resolution terrain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Melonie de Almeida , George Brydon , Divya M. Persaud , John H. Williamson , Paul Henderson

Cross-lingual text representations have gained popularity lately and act as the backbone of many tasks such as unsupervised machine translation and cross-lingual information retrieval, to name a few. However, evaluation of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Mikhail Fain , Niall Twomey , Danushka Bollegala

While large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as dense retrievers, the impact of their domain-specific specialization on retrieval effectiveness remains underexplored. This investigation systematically examines how…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Hengran Zhang , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo

In this work, we propose the use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) for rover localization on Mars. Precise pose estimation is an important task for mobile robots exploring planetary surfaces, as they operate in GPS-denied environments.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Anja Sheppard , Katherine A. Skinner

Fine-tuning Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with parameter-efficient methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is crucial for task adaptation. However, imbalanced training dynamics across modalities often lead to suboptimal accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Minkyoung Cho , Insu Jang , Shuowei Jin , Zesen Zhao , Adityan Jothi , Ethem F. Can , Min-Hung Chen , Z. Morley Mao

We introduce MOMO, the first multi-sensor foundation model for Mars remote sensing. MOMO uses model merge to integrate representations learned independently from three key Martian sensors (HiRISE, CTX, and THEMIS), spanning resolutions from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Mirali Purohit , Bimal Gajera , Irish Mehta , Bhanu Tokas , Jacob Adler , Steven Lu , Scott Dickenshied , Serina Diniega , Brian Bue , Umaa Rebbapragada , Hannah Kerner

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have substantially expanded the capabilities of multimodal retrieval, enabling systems to align and retrieve information across visual and textual modalities. Yet, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xuan Lu , Kangle Li , Haohang Huang , Rui Meng , Wenjun Zeng , Xiaoyu Shen

Vision-language models (VLMs) have advanced rapidly, yet their capacity for image-grounded geolocation in open-world conditions, a task that is challenging and of demand in real life, has not been comprehensively evaluated. We present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zhaofang Qian , Hardy Chen , Zeyu Wang , Li Zhang , Zijun Wang , Xiaoke Huang , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Zeyu Zheng , Haoqin Tu , Cihang Xie , Yuyin Zhou

This paper presents Universal Vision-Language Dense Retrieval (UniVL-DR), which builds a unified model for multi-modal retrieval. UniVL-DR encodes queries and multi-modality resources in an embedding space for searching candidates from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Zhenghao Liu , Chenyan Xiong , Yuanhuiyi Lv , Zhiyuan Liu , Ge Yu

Search engines enable the retrieval of unknown information with texts. However, traditional methods fall short when it comes to understanding unfamiliar visual content, such as identifying an object that the model has never seen before.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zhixin Zhang , Yiyuan Zhang , Xiaohan Ding , Xiangyu Yue

Multilingual dense retrieval aims to retrieve relevant documents across different languages based on a unified retriever model. The challenge lies in aligning representations of different languages in a shared vector space. The common…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Chao Huang , Fengran Mo , Yufeng Chen , Changhao Guan , Zhenrui Yue , Xinyu Wang , Jinan Xu , Kaiyu Huang

Autonomous terrain classification is an important problem in planetary navigation, whether the goal is to identify scientific sites of interest or to traverse treacherous areas safely. Past Martian rovers have relied on human operators to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Anja Sheppard , Katherine A. Skinner

Map retrieval, the problem of similarity search over a large collection of 2D pointset maps previously built by mobile robots, is crucial for autonomous navigation in indoor and outdoor environments. Bag-of-words (BoW) methods constitute a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-28 Enfu Liu , Kanji Tanaka