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Predicting cellular responses to genetic perturbations represents a fundamental challenge in systems biology, critical for advancing therapeutic discovery and virtual cell modeling. While large language models (LLMs) show promise for…

Predicting high-dimensional transcriptional responses to genetic perturbations is challenging due to severe experimental noise and sparse gene-level effects. Existing methods often suffer from mean collapse, where high correlation is…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yinhua Piao , Hyomin Kim , Seonghwan Kim , Yunhak Oh , Junhyeok Jeon , Sang-Yeon Hwang , Jaechang Lim , Woo Youn Kim , Chanyoung Park , Sungsoo Ahn

We introduce a comprehensive framework for modeling single cell transcriptomic responses to perturbations, aimed at standardizing benchmarking in this rapidly evolving field. Our approach includes a modular and user-friendly model…

Predicting gene regulation responses to biological perturbations requires reasoning about underlying biological causalities. While large language models (LLMs) show promise for such tasks, they are often overwhelmed by the entangled nature…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Hyomin Kim , Sang-Yeon Hwang , Jaechang Lim , Yinhua Piao , Yunhak Oh , Woo Youn Kim , Chanyoung Park , Sungsoo Ahn , Junhyeok Jeon

We train a neural network to predict distributional responses in gene expression following genetic perturbations. This is an essential task in early-stage drug discovery, where such responses can offer insights into gene function and inform…

Predicting how genetic perturbations change cellular state is a core problem for building controllable models of gene regulation. Perturbations targeting the same gene can produce different transcriptional responses depending on their…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-12 Boyang Fu , George Dasoulas , Sameer Gabbita , Xiang Lin , Shanghua Gao , Xiaorui Su , Soumya Ghosh , Marinka Zitnik

We present a novel classification-based method for learning to predict gene regulatory response. Our approach is motivated by the hypothesis that in simple organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we can learn a decision rule for…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Manuel Middendorf , Anshul Kundaje , Chris Wiggins , Yoav Freund , Christina Leslie

Regularization and transfer learning are two popular techniques to enhance generalization on unseen data, which is a fundamental problem of machine learning. Regularization techniques are versatile, as they are task- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Jeongun Ryu , Jaewoong Shin , Hae Beom Lee , Sung Ju Hwang

In the genome biology research, regulatory genome modeling is an important topic for many regulatory downstream tasks, such as promoter classification, transaction factor binding sites prediction. The core problem is to model how regulatory…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-04 Shentong Mo , Xi Fu , Chenyang Hong , Yizhen Chen , Yuxuan Zheng , Xiangru Tang , Zhiqiang Shen , Eric P Xing , Yanyan Lan

Cellular response to a perturbation is the result of a dynamic system of biological variables linked in a complex network. A major challenge in drug and disease studies is identifying the key factors of a biological network that are…

Applications · Statistics 2014-09-02 Lisa M. Pham , Luis Carvalho , Scott Schaus , Eric D. Kolaczyk

Reconstruction of gene regulatory networks is the process of identifying gene dependency from gene expression profile through some computation techniques. In our human body, though all cells pose similar genetic material but the activation…

Genomic studies face a vast hypothesis space, while interventions such as gene perturbations remain costly and time-consuming. To accelerate such experiments, gene perturbation models predict the transcriptional outcome of interventions.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-21 George Panagopoulos , Johannes F. Lutzeyer , Sofiane Ennadir , Michalis Vazirgiannis , Jun Pang

Inferring gene regulatory networks is an important problem in systems biology. However, these networks can be hard to infer from experimental data because of the inherent variability in biological data as well as the large number of genes…

Applications · Statistics 2016-03-16 William Chad Young , Ka Yee Yeung , Adrian E. Raftery

Gene regulatory networks play a crucial role in controlling an organism's biological processes, which is why there is significant interest in developing computational methods that are able to extract their structure from high-throughput…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-11 Ioan Gabriel Bucur , Tom Claassen , Tom Heskes

The widespread adoption of ChatGPT has raised concerns about its misuse, highlighting the need for robust detection of AI-generated text. Current word-level detectors are vulnerable to paraphrasing or simple prompts (PSP), suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Mo Mu , Dianqiao Lei , Chang Li

Emerging single-cell technologies that integrate CRISPR-based genetic perturbations with single-cell RNA sequencing, such as Perturb-seq, have substantially advanced our understanding of gene regulation and causal influence of genes. While…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-03 Kwangmoon Park , Hongzhe Li

In recent years, several machine learning approaches have been proposed to predict gene expression and epigenetic signals from the DNA sequence alone. These models are often used to deduce, and, to some extent, assess putative new…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-26 Laurent Bréhélin

Contextual language models (CLMs) have pushed the NLP benchmarks to a new height. It has become a new norm to utilize CLM provided word embeddings in downstream tasks such as text classification. However, unless addressed, CLMs are prone to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Navonil Majumder , Soujanya Poria

Reconstructing transcriptional regulatory networks is an important task in functional genomics. Data obtained from experiments that perturb genes by knockouts or RNA interference contain useful information for addressing this reconstruction…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-18 Ali Shojaie , Alexandra Jauhiainen , Michael Kallitsis , George Michailidis

Unwanted and often harmful social biases are becoming ever more salient in NLP research, affecting both models and datasets. In this work, we ask whether training on demographically perturbed data leads to fairer language models. We collect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Rebecca Qian , Candace Ross , Jude Fernandes , Eric Smith , Douwe Kiela , Adina Williams
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