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The Abstraction Reasoning Corpus (ARC) is a visual analogical reasoning test designed for humans and machines (Chollet, 2019). We compared human and large language model (LLM) performance on a new child-friendly set of ARC items. Results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Gustaw Opiełka , Hannes Rosenbusch , Veerle Vijverberg , Claire E. Stevenson

Large Language Model (LLM) based agents have demonstrated proficiency in multi-step interactions with graphical user interfaces (GUIs). While most research focuses on improving single-task performance, practical scenarios often involve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Minghao Chen , Xinyi Hu , Zhou Yu , Yufei Yin

Code generation models based on large language models (LLMs) have gained wide adoption, but challenges remain in ensuring safety, accuracy, and controllability, especially for complex tasks. Existing methods often lack dynamic integration…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aofan Liu , Haoxuan Li , Bin Wang , Ao Yang , Hui Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates key limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs)-such as factual errors, outdated knowledge, and hallucinations-by dynamically retrieving external information. Recent work extends this paradigm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jingru Lin , Chen Zhang , Stephen Y. Liu , Haizhou Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance on general Question Answering (QA), yet they often struggle in domain-specific scenarios where accurate and up-to-date information is required. Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Haoyue Bai , Haoyu Wang , Shengyu Chen , Zhengzhang Chen , Lu-An Tang , Wei Cheng , Haifeng Chen , Yanjie Fu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a pivotal component of large language model (LLM) post-training, and agentic RL extends this paradigm to operate as agents through multi-turn interaction and tool use. Scaling such systems exposes two…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zheyue Tan , Mustapha Abdullahi , Tuo Shi , Huining Yuan , Zelai Xu , Chao Yu , Boxun Li , Bo Zhao

Complex vehicle routing problems (VRPs) remain a fundamental challenge, demanding substantial expert effort for intent interpretation and algorithm design. While large language models (LLMs) offer a promising path toward automation, current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ni Zhang , Zhiguang Cao , Jianan Zhou , Cong Zhang , Yew-Soon Ong

Code Search is a key task that many programmers often have to perform while developing solutions to problems. Current methodologies suffer from an inability to perform accurately on prompts that contain some ambiguity or ones that require…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sarthak Jain , Aditya Dora , Ka Seng Sam , Prabhat Singh

Achieving sustainable, explainable, and maintainable automation for resource optimization is a core challenge across the edge-cloud continuum. Persistent overprovisioning and operational complexity often stem from heterogeneous platforms…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Brian-Frederik Jahnke , René Brinkhege , Jan Peter Meyer , Daniel Tebernum , Falk Howar

The rise of large language model (LLM)-powered agents is transforming services computing, moving it beyond static, request-driven functions toward dynamic, goal-oriented, and socially embedded multi-agent ecosystems. We propose Agentic…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled LLM-based agents to directly interact with application user interfaces (UIs), enhancing agents' performance in complex tasks. However, these agents often suffer from high latency and low…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Junting Lu , Zhiyang Zhang , Fangkai Yang , Jue Zhang , Lu Wang , Chao Du , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang , Qi Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to access external knowledge sources, but the effectiveness of RAG relies on the coordination between the retriever and the generator. Since these components are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Junlin Wang , Zehao Wu , Shaowei Lu , Yanlan Li , Xinghao Huang

This paper presents a system that uses Large Language Models (LLMs)-based agents to automate the API-first development of RESTful microservices. This system helps to create an OpenAPI specification, generate server code from it, and refine…

Medical coding converts free-text clinical notes into standardized diagnostic and procedural codes, which are essential for billing, hospital operations, and medical research. Unlike ordinary text classification, it requires multi-step…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiyang Zheng , Islam Nassar , Thanh Vu , Xu Zhong , Yang Lin , Tongliang Liu , Long Duong , Yuan-Fang Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising approach to mitigate hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) for legal applications, but its reliability is critically dependent on the accuracy of the retrieval step. This is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Markus Reuter , Tobias Lingenberg , Rūta Liepiņa , Francesca Lagioia , Marco Lippi , Giovanni Sartor , Andrea Passerini , Burcu Sayin

Automated code generation has long been considered the holy grail of software engineering. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed a revolutionary breakthrough in this area. However, existing methods that only rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Xu Lu , Weisong Sun , Yiran Zhang , Ming Hu , Cong Tian , Zhi Jin , Yang Liu

Today's business organizations need access control systems that can handle complex, changing security requirements that go beyond what traditional methods can manage. Current approaches, such as Role-Based Access Control (RBAC),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sharif Noor Zisad , Ragib Hasan

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and autonomous agents have enabled systems capable of performing complex tasks across domains such as human-computer interaction, planning, and web navigation. However, many existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Hongyi Yang , Yue Pan , Jiayi Xu , Kelsen Liu

Agentic AI systems increasingly act through tools, sub-agents, and external services, but governance controls are still commonly attached to prompts, dashboards, or post-hoc documentation. This creates a structural mismatch in regulated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Gaston Besanson

We develop a simple and straightforward methodology to create AI computer agents that can carry out diverse computer tasks and self-improve by developing tools and augmentations to enable themselves to solve increasingly complex tasks. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Alex Sheng