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Ising machines are an emerging class of hardware that promises ultrafast and energy-efficient solutions to NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems. Spatial photonic Ising machines (SPIMs) exploit optical computing in free space to…

Photonic Ising Machines constitute an emergent new paradigm of computation, geared towards tackling combinatorial optimization problems that can be reduced to the problem of finding the ground state of an Ising model. Spatial Photonic Ising…

A spatial photonic Ising machine (SPIM) handles large-scale combinatorial optimization problems owing to optical processing with spatial parallelism. However, iterative feedback in the search for optimal solutions limits processing speed…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-27 Suguru Shimomura , Jun Tanida , Yusuke Ogura

Recently, spatial photonic Ising machines (SPIMs) have demonstrated the abilities to compute the Ising Hamiltonian of large-scale spin systems, with the advantages of ultrafast speed and high power efficiency. However, such optical…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-17 Li Luo , Zhiyi Mi , Junyi Huang , Zhichao Ruan

Networks of optical oscillators simulating coupled Ising spins have been recently proposed as a heuristic platform to solve hard optimization problems. These networks, called coherent Ising machines (CIMs), exploit the fact that the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Marcello Calvanese Strinati , Davide Pierangeli , Claudio Conti

We explore the potential of spatial-photonic Ising machines (SPIMs) to address computationally intensive Ising problems that employ low-rank and circulant coupling matrices. Our results indicate that the performance of SPIMs is critically…

Recently, spatial photonic Ising machines (SPIM) have been demonstrated to compute the minima of Hamiltonians for large-scale spin systems. Here we propose to implement an antiferromagnetic model through optoelectronic correlation computing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Junyi Huang , Yisheng Fang , Zhichao Ruan

The spatial photonic Ising machine (SPIM) [D. Pierangeli et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 213902 (2019)] is a promising optical architecture utilizing spatial light modulation for solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-08-09 Hiroshi Yamashita , Ken-ichi Okubo , Suguru Shimomura , Yusuke Ogura , Jun Tanida , Hideyuki Suzuki

Quantum and classical physics can be used for mathematical computations that are hard to tackle by conventional electronics. Very recently, optical Ising machines have been demonstrated for computing the minima of spin Hamiltonians, paving…

Optics · Physics 2019-06-26 D. Pierangeli , G. Marcucci , C. Conti

This paper proposes a space-division multiplexed spatial-photonic Ising machine (SDM-SPIM) that physically calculates the weighted sum of the Ising Hamiltonians for individual components in a multi-component model. Space-division…

This paper proposes a novel optimization framework for discrete phase shifts of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) using a coherent Ising machine (CIM). Unlike conventional methods based on iterative convex approximation or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yuto Hama , Daisuke Kitayama , Kensuke Inaba , Toshimori Honjo , Hiroki Takesue , Naoki Ishikawa , Hiroyuki Takahashi

On-chip analog Ising Machines (IMs) are a promising means to solve difficult combinatorial optimization problems. For scalable on-chip realizations to be practical, 1) the problem should map scalably to Ising form, 2) interconnectivity…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Thomas Jagielski , Rajit Manohar , Jaijeet Roychowdhury

Spatial photonic Ising machines offer a novel optical platform for optimization and spin-model simulation, but existing diffraction-based schemes rely on auxiliary spins or multiplexing to encode high-rank couplings and external fields,…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-12 Ze Zheng , Yuegang Li , Hang Xu , Jingzheng Huang , Tailong Xiao , Guihua Zeng

The coherent Ising machine (CIM) is a quantum-inspired computing platform that leverages optical parametric oscillation dynamics to solve combinatorial optimization problems by searching for the ground state of an Ising Hamiltonian.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Yan Chen Jiang , Lu Ma , Chuan Wang , Tie Jun Wang

Spatial photonic Ising machines (SPIMs) based on spatial light modulators (SLMs) have emerged as highly effective solvers for many tasks, including combinatorial optimization problems and spin-glass simulations. However, traditional SPIMs…

The general-purpose programmable photonic processors offer a scalable and reconfigurable solution for a wide range of RF and optical applications. Therefore, implementing photonic Ising machines using programmable processors leverages the…

The race to heuristically solve non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP) problems through efficient methods is ongoing. Recently, optics was demonstrated as a promising tool to find the ground state of a spin-glass Ising Hamiltonian, which…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-03-14 Gianni Jacucci , Louis Delloye , Davide Pierangeli , Mushegh Rafayelyan , Claudio Conti , Sylvain Gigan

Coherent Ising Machines (CIMs) have emerged as a hybrid form of quantum computing devices designed to solve NP-complete problems, offering an exciting opportunity for discovering optimal solutions. Despite challenges such as susceptibility…

Ising machines are novel computing devices for the energy minimization of Ising models. These combinatorial optimization problems are of paramount importance for science and technology, but remain difficult to tackle on large scale by…

Optics · Physics 2020-04-28 Davide Pierangeli , Giulia Marcucci , Daniel Brunner , Claudio Conti

To tackle challenging combinatorial optimization problems, analog computing machines based on the nature-inspired Ising model are attracting increasing attentions in order to disruptively overcome the impending limitations on conventional…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Xin Ye , Wenjia Zhang , Shaomeng Wang , Xiaoxuan Yang , Zuyuan He
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