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Large vision-language models (VLMs) typically process hundreds or thousands of visual tokens per image or video frame, incurring quadratic attention cost and substantial redundancy. Existing token reduction methods often ignore the textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Kaitong Cai , Jusheng Zhang , Jing Yang , Yijia Fan , Pengtao Xie , Jian Wang , Keze Wang

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong visual-language reasoning but suffer from high inference cost due to redundant visual tokens. Recent work explores visual token pruning to accelerate inference, while existing pruning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Xiwen Chen , Wenhui Zhu , Gen Li , Xuanzhao Dong , Yujian Xiong , Hao Wang , Peijie Qiu , Qingquan Song , Zhipeng Wang , Shao Tang , Yalin Wang , Abolfazl Razi

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) rely on dense visual tokens to capture fine-grained visual information, but processing all these tokens incurs substantial computational and memory overhead during inference. To address this issue, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xu Li , Yi Zheng , Yuxuan Liang , Zhe Liu , Xiaolei Chen , Haotian Chen , Rui Zhu , Xiangyang Xue

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown great potential for embodied AI by integrating visual perception, language understanding, and action execution. In real-time deployment, these models must process continuous visual streams,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ziyan Liu , Yeqiu Chen , Hongyi Cai , Tao Lin , Shuo Yang , Zheng Liu , Bo Zhao

Vision encoders serve as the cornerstone of multimodal understanding. Single-encoder architectures like CLIP exhibit inherent constraints in generalizing across diverse multimodal tasks, while recent multi-encoder fusion methods introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yuchen Liu , Yaoming Wang , Bowen Shi , Xiaopeng Zhang , Wenrui Dai , Chenglin Li , Hongkai Xiong , Qi Tian

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of multi-modal LLMs that exhibit strong comprehension of visual data such as images and videos. However, these models usually rely on extensive visual tokens from visual encoders,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yiwu Zhong , Zhuoming Liu , Yin Li , Liwei Wang

The rapid growth of visual tokens in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) leads to excessive memory consumption and inference latency, especially when handling high-resolution images and videos. Token pruning is a technique used to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhongyu Yang , Dannong Xu , Wei Pang , Yingfang Yuan

In this work, we present FastAV, the first token pruning framework tailored for audio-visual large language models (AV-LLMs). While token pruning has been actively explored in standard large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chaeyoung Jung , Youngjoon Jang , Seungwoo Lee , Joon Son Chung

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a range of multimodal tasks. However, their inference efficiency is constrained by the large number of visual tokens processed during decoding. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yu Meng , Kaiyuan Li , Chenran Huang , Chen Gao , Xinlei Chen , Yong Li , Xiaoping Zhang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) achieve impressive performance across multiple tasks. A significant challenge, however, is their prohibitive inference cost when processing high-resolution visual inputs. While visual token pruning has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zhichao Sun , Yidong Ma , Gang Liu , Yibo Chen , Xu Tang , Yao Hu , Yongchao Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be highly effective across various natural language processing tasks. However, their large number of parameters poses significant challenges for practical deployment. Pruning, a technique aimed at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Jiwon Song , Kyungseok Oh , Taesu Kim , Hyungjun Kim , Yulhwa Kim , Jae-Joon Kim

In large vision-language models, visual tokens typically constitute the majority of input tokens, leading to substantial computational overhead. To address this, recent studies have explored pruning redundant or less informative visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Sangin Lee , Yukyung Choi

Instructed Visual Segmentation (IVS) tasks require segmenting objects in images or videos based on natural language instructions. While recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance on IVS, their inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Wenhui Zhu , Xiwen Chen , Zhipeng Wang , Shao Tang , Sayan Ghosh , Xuanzhao Dong , Rajat Koner , Yalin Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have advanced rapidly within the unified Transformer architecture, yet their deployment on resource-constrained devices remains challenging due to high computational complexity. While pruning has emerged as an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zimeng Wu , Yunhong Wang , Donghao Wang , Jiaxin Chen

Recent progress in vision-language models (VLMs) has led to impressive results in document understanding tasks, but their high computational demands remain a challenge. To mitigate the compute burdens, we propose a lightweight token pruning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jaemin Son , Sujin Choi , Inyong Yun

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated superior performance across various tasks by adhering to scaling laws, which significantly increase model size. However, the huge computation overhead during inference hinders the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Zekai Li , Jintu Zheng , Ji Liu , Han Liu , Haowei Zhu , Zeping Li , Fuwei Yang , Haiduo Huang , Jinzhang Peng , Dong Li , Lu Tian , Emad Barsoum

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning through search algorithms, yet current strategies often suffer from massive token consumption due to redundant exploration of semantically equivalent steps. Existing semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jiawei Liu , Qisi Chen , Jianshu Zhang , Quan Liu , Defu Lian

The visual projector serves as an essential bridge between the visual encoder and the Large Language Model (LLM) in a Multimodal LLM (MLLM). Typically, MLLMs adopt a simple MLP to preserve all visual contexts via one-to-one transformation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Wentong Li , Yuqian Yuan , Jian Liu , Dongqi Tang , Song Wang , Jie Qin , Jianke Zhu , Lei Zhang

Despite achieving remarkable performance on various vision-language tasks, Transformer-based Vision-Language Models (VLMs) suffer from redundancy in inputs and parameters, significantly hampering their efficiency in real-world applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Zekun Wang , Jingchang Chen , Wangchunshu Zhou , Haichao Zhu , Jiafeng Liang , Liping Shan , Ming Liu , Dongliang Xu , Qing Yang , Bing Qin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from substantial computational overhead due to the high redundancy in visual token sequences. Existing approaches typically address this issue using single-layer Vision Transformer (ViT)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yunkai Dang , Yizhu Jiang , Yifan Jiang , Qi Fan , Yinghuan Shi , Wenbin Li , Yang Gao