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Equivocal 3D lesion segmentation exhibits high inter-observer variability. Conventional deterministic models ignore this aleatoric uncertainty, producing over-confident masks that obscure clinical risks. Conversely, while generative methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Chao Wu , Kangxian Xie , Mingchen Gao

Simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) imaging with in-plane undersampling enables highly accelerated MRI but yields a strongly coupled inverse problem with deterministic inter-slice interference and missing k-space data. Most diffusion-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhibo Chen , Yu Guan , Yajuan Huang , Chaoqi Chen , XiangJi , Qiuyun Fan , Dong Liang , Qiegen Liu

Score-based generative models, which transform noise into data by learning to reverse a diffusion process, have become a cornerstone of modern generative AI. This paper contributes to establishing theoretical guarantees for the probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-03 Jiaqi Tang , Yuling Yan

In dynamic imaging, a key challenge is to reconstruct image sequences with high temporal resolution from strong undersampling projections due to a relatively slow data acquisition speed. In this paper, we propose a variational model using…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-01-22 Qiaoqiao Ding , Martin Burger , Xiaoqun Zhang

We explore the oscillatory behavior observed in inversion methods applied to large-scale text-to-image diffusion models, with a focus on the "Flux" model. By employing a fixed-point-inspired iterative approach to invert real-world images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yan Zheng , Zhenxiao Liang , Xiaoyan Cong , Lanqing guo , Yuehao Wang , Peihao Wang , Zhangyang Wang

Standard diffusion models involve an image transform -- adding Gaussian noise -- and an image restoration operator that inverts this degradation. We observe that the generative behavior of diffusion models is not strongly dependent on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Arpit Bansal , Eitan Borgnia , Hong-Min Chu , Jie S. Li , Hamid Kazemi , Furong Huang , Micah Goldblum , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

Recently, diffusion models (DMs) have been increasingly used in audio processing tasks, including speech super-resolution (SR), which aims to restore high-frequency content given low-resolution speech utterances. This is commonly achieved…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Chin-Yun Yu , Sung-Lin Yeh , György Fazekas , Hao Tang

Image restoration aims to recover high-quality images from degraded observations. When the degradation process is known, the recovery problem can be formulated as an inverse problem, and in a Bayesian context, the goal is to sample a clean…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-13 Darshan Thaker , Abhishek Goyal , René Vidal

Recently, variational methods were successfully applied for computing the optical flow in gray and RGB-valued image sequences. A crucial assumption in these models is that pixel-values do not change under transformations. Nowadays, modern…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-06 Manuel Gräf , Sebastian Neumayer , Ralf Hielscher , Gabriele Steidl , Moritz Liesegang , Tilman Beck

The recently developed information-theoretic approach to crystallographic symmetry classifications and quantifications in two dimensions (2D) from digital transmission electron and scanning probe microscope images is adapted for the…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-10 Peter Moeck , Lukas von Koch

Holographic optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a powerful imaging technique, but its ability to reveal low-reflectivity features is limited. In this study, we performed holographic OCT by incoherently averaging volumes with changing…

Optical scattering presents a major obstacle to high resolution imaging in biological tissue and other turbid media. Conventional photoacoustic imaging can partially overcome this obstacle, enabling imaging of optical absorption in the…

Inversion methods, such as Textual Inversion, generate personalized images by incorporating concepts of interest provided by user images. However, existing methods often suffer from overfitting issues, where the dominant presence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Xulu Zhang , Xiao-Yong Wei , Jinlin Wu , Tianyi Zhang , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Zhen Lei , Qing Li

Signal reconstruction from a sample using an orthogonal projector onto a guiding subspace is theoretically well justified, but may be difficult to practically implement. We propose more general guiding operators, which increase signal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-08 Andrew Knyazev , Alexander Malyshev

Translating images from a source domain to a target domain for learning target models is one of the most common strategies in domain adaptive semantic segmentation (DASS). However, existing methods still struggle to preserve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Duo Peng , Ping Hu , Qiuhong Ke , Jun Liu

Diffusion models have recently attained significant interest within the community owing to their strong performance as generative models. Furthermore, its application to inverse problems have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-22 Hyungjin Chung , Byeongsu Sim , Jong Chul Ye

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers high resolution multidimensional imaging, but generally suffers from defocussing, intensity falloff and shot noise, causing artifacts and image degradation along the imaging depth.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-04 Jonathan H. Mason , Yvonne Reinwald , Ying Yang , Sarah Waters , Alicia El Haj , Pierre O. Bagnaninchi

Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization remains a central challenge in deploying deep learning models to real-world scenarios, particularly in domains such as biomedical images, where distribution shifts are both subtle and pervasive.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Haoran Pei , Yuguang Yang , Kexin Liu , Baochang Zhang

Generative steganography (GS) is an emerging technique that generates stego images directly from secret data. Various GS methods based on GANs or Flow have been developed recently. However, existing GAN-based GS methods cannot completely…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Ping Wei , Qing Zhou , Zichi Wang , Zhenxing Qian , Xinpeng Zhang , Sheng Li

Diffusion models are powerful tools for sampling from high-dimensional distributions by progressively transforming pure noise into structured data through a denoising process. When equipped with a guidance mechanism, these models can also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Saeed Mohseni-Sehdeh , Walid Saad , Kei Sakaguchi , Tao Yu