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Reliably determining the performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems depends on comprehensive test questions. While a proliferation of evaluation frameworks for LLM-powered applications exists, current practices lack a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Noah Broestl , Adel Nasser Abdalla , Rajprakash Bale , Hersh Gupta , Max Struever

Image classification has traditionally relied on parameter-intensive model training, requiring large-scale annotated datasets and extensive fine tuning to achieve competitive performance. While recent vision language models (VLMs) alleviate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Wonduk Seo , Minhyeong Yu , Hyunjin An , Seunghyun Lee

In this paper, we establish a benchmark for table visual question answering, referred to as the TableVQA-Bench, derived from pre-existing table question-answering (QA) and table structure recognition datasets. It is important to note that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Yoonsik Kim , Moonbin Yim , Ka Yeon Song

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made significant strides in the field of video understanding in recent times. Nevertheless, existing video benchmarks predominantly rely on text prompts for evaluation, which often require complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yiming Zhao , Yu Zeng , Yukun Qi , YaoYang Liu , Xikun Bao , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Qing Miao , Chenxi Liu , Jie Zhao , Feng Zhao

Deep Research Agents (DRAs) generate citation-rich reports via multi-step search and synthesis, yet existing benchmarks mainly target text-only settings or short-form multimodal QA, missing end-to-end multimodal evidence use. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Peizhou Huang , Zixuan Zhong , Zhongwei Wan , Donghao Zhou , Samiul Alam , Xin Wang , Zexin Li , Zhihao Dou , Li Zhu , Jing Xiong , Chaofan Tao , Yan Xu , Dimitrios Dimitriadis , Tuo Zhang , Mi Zhang

To effectively leverage user-specific data, retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is employed in multimodal large language model (MLLM) applications. However, conventional retrieval approaches often suffer from limited retrieval accuracy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Maoliang Li , Ke Li , Yaoyang Liu , Jiayu Chen , Zihao Zheng , Yinjun Wu , Chenchen Liu , Xiang Chen

The dominant paradigm of monolithic scaling in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is failing for understanding and reasoning in documents, yielding diminishing returns as it struggles with the inherent need of this domain for document-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Xinlei Yu , Chengming Xu , Zhangquan Chen , Yudong Zhang , Shilin Lu , Cheng Yang , Jiangning Zhang , Shuicheng Yan , Xiaobin Hu

Agentic Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) and 'deep research' systems aim to enable autonomous search processes where Large Language Models (LLMs) iteratively refine outputs. However, applying these systems to domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Samy Ateia , Udo Kruschwitz

Document retrieval is an important task for search and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) applications. Large Language Models (LLMs) have contributed to improving the accuracy of text-based document retrieval. However, documents with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Radek Osmulski , Gabriel de Souza P. Moreira , Ronay Ak , Mengyao Xu , Benedikt Schifferer , Even Oldridge

The rapid evolution of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) toward multimodal, high-stakes enterprise applications has outpaced the development of domain specific evaluation benchmarks. Existing datasets often rely on general-domain corpora…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Chandan Kumar Sahu , Premith Kumar Chilukuri , Matthew Hetrich

Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by enabling dynamic, multi-step reasoning and information retrieval. However, these systems often exhibit sub-optimal search behaviors like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Peilin Wu , Mian Zhang , Xinlu Zhang , Xinya Du , Zhiyu Zoey Chen

Existing multimodal retrieval systems excel at semantic matching but implicitly assume that query-image relevance can be measured in isolation. This paradigm overlooks the rich dependencies inherent in realistic visual streams, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Chenlong Deng , Mengjie Deng , Junjie Wu , Dun Zeng , Teng Wang , Qingsong Xie , Jiadeng Huang , Shengjie Ma , Changwang Zhang , Zhaoxiang Wang , Jun Wang , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

Manual annotation of high-quality visual question answering with grounding (VQA-G) datasets, which pair visual questions with evidential grounding, is crucial for advancing vision-language models (VLMs), but remains unscalable. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Rongsheng Hu , Runwei Guan , Yicheng Di , Jiayu Bao , Yuan Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a standard architectural pattern for incorporating domain-specific knowledge into user-facing chat applications powered by Large Language Models (LLMs). RAG systems are characterized by (1) a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Robert Friel , Masha Belyi , Atindriyo Sanyal

Traditional information extraction systems face challenges with text only language models as it does not consider infographics (visual elements of information) such as tables, charts, images etc. often used to convey complex information to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Rachna Saxena , Abhijeet Kumar , Suresh Shanmugam

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved impressive progress in vision-language understanding, yet they face limitations in real-world applications requiring complex reasoning over a large number of images. Existing benchmarks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Jun Chen , Dannong Xu , Junjie Fei , Chun-Mei Feng , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Analyzing textual data is the cornerstone of qualitative research. While traditional methods such as grounded theory and content analysis are widely used, they are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Topic modeling offers an automated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Gerion Spielberger , Florian M. Artinger , Jochen Reb , Rudolf Kerschreiter

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for Visual Question Answering (VQA) often suffer from dual limitations: knowledge hallucination and insufficient fine-grained visual perception. Crucially, we identify that commonsense graphs and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhiyang Li , Ao Ke , Yukun Cao , Xike Xie

We introduce CompareBench, a benchmark for evaluating visual comparison reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs), a fundamental yet understudied skill. CompareBench consists of 1000 QA pairs across four tasks: quantity (600), temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jie Cai , Kangning Yang , Lan Fu , Jiaming Ding , Jinlong Li , Huiming Sun , Daitao Xing , Jinglin Shen , Zibo Meng

Query Auto-Completion (QAC) suggests query completions as users type, helping them articulate intent and reach results more efficiently. Existing approaches face fundamental challenges: traditional retrieve-and-rank pipelines have limited…