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Retrosynthesis plays a crucial role in the fields of organic synthesis and drug development, where the goal is to identify suitable reactants that can yield a target product molecule. Although existing methods have achieved notable success,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jiaxi Zhuang , Yu Zhang , Yan Zhang , Ying Qian , Aimin Zhou

Retrosynthesis reaction prediction aims to infer plausible reactant molecules for a given product and is a important problem in computer-aided organic synthesis. Despite recent progress, many existing models still fall short of the accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Youjun Zhao

The main target of retrosynthesis is to recursively decompose desired molecules into available building blocks. Existing template-based retrosynthesis methods follow a template selection stereotype and suffer from limited training…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-12-26 Chaochao Yan , Peilin Zhao , Chan Lu , Yang Yu , Junzhou Huang

Retrosynthesis involves determining a sequence of reactions to synthesize complex molecules from simpler precursors. As this poses a challenge in organic chemistry, machine learning has offered solutions, particularly for predicting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Mikołaj Sacha , Michał Sadowski , Piotr Kozakowski , Ruard van Workum , Stanisław Jastrzębski

Retrosynthesis is essential for designing synthetic pathways for complex molecules and can be revolutionized by AI to automate and accelerate chemical synthesis planning for drug discovery and materials science. Here, we propose a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Seongeun Yun , Won Bo Lee

Retrosynthesis prediction is one of the fundamental challenges in organic synthesis. The task is to predict the reactants given a core product. With the advancement of machine learning, computer-aided synthesis planning has gained…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Yue Wan , Benben Liao , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Shengyu Zhang

Retrosynthesis prediction is a fundamental problem in organic synthesis, where the task is to identify precursor molecules that can be used to synthesize a target molecule. A key consideration in building neural models for this task is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Vignesh Ram Somnath , Charlotte Bunne , Connor W. Coley , Andreas Krause , Regina Barzilay

Retrosynthesis strategically plans the synthesis of a chemical target compound from simpler, readily available precursor compounds. This process is critical for synthesizing novel inorganic materials, yet traditional methods in inorganic…

Retrosynthesis analysis is a critical task in organic chemistry central to many important industries. Previously, various machine learning approaches have achieved promising results on this task by representing output molecules as strings…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-20 Lei Fang , Junren Li , Ming Zhao , Li Tan , Jian-Guang Lou

Predicting reactants from a specified core product stands as a fundamental challenge within organic synthesis, termed retrosynthesis prediction. Recently, semi-template-based methods and graph-edits-based methods have achieved good…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-13 Zixun Lan , Binjie Hong , Jiajun Zhu , Zuo Zeng , Zhenfu Liu , Limin Yu , Fei Ma

Retrosynthesis consists of breaking down a chemical compound recursively step-by-step into molecular precursors until a set of commercially available molecules is found with the goal to provide a synthesis route. Its two primary research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Paula Torren-Peraire , Alan Kai Hassen , Samuel Genheden , Jonas Verhoeven , Djork-Arne Clevert , Mike Preuss , Igor Tetko

Retrosynthesis is the process of recursively decomposing target molecules into available building blocks. It plays an important role in solving problems in organic synthesis planning. To automate or assist in the retrosynthesis analysis,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-06 Chaochao Yan , Qianggang Ding , Peilin Zhao , Shuangjia Zheng , Jinyu Yang , Yang Yu , Junzhou Huang

Retrosynthesis, which predicts the reactants of a given target molecule, is an essential task for drug discovery. In recent years, the machine learing based retrosynthesis methods have achieved promising results. In this work, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Shufang Xie , Rui Yan , Junliang Guo , Yingce Xia , Lijun Wu , Tao Qin

Synthesis planning is the process of recursively decomposing target molecules into available precursors. Computer-aided retrosynthesis can potentially assist chemists in designing synthetic routes, but at present it is cumbersome and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-07-04 Shuangjia Zheng , Jiahua Rao , Zhongyue Zhang , Jun Xu , Yuedong Yang

Recently, template-based (TB) and template-free (TF) molecule graph learning methods have shown promising results to retrosynthesis. TB methods are more accurate using pre-encoded reaction templates, and TF methods are more scalable by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Zhangyang Gao , Cheng Tan , Lirong Wu , Stan Z. Li

Retrosynthetic planning is a critical task in organic chemistry which identifies a series of reactions that can lead to the synthesis of a target product. The vast number of possible chemical transformations makes the size of the search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Binghong Chen , Chengtao Li , Hanjun Dai , Le Song

Retrosynthesis -- the process of identifying a set of reactants to synthesize a target molecule -- is of vital importance to material design and drug discovery. Existing machine learning approaches based on language models and graph neural…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-12-10 Ruoxi Sun , Hanjun Dai , Li Li , Steven Kearnes , Bo Dai

Retrosynthesis is a problem to infer reactant compounds to synthesize a given product compound through chemical reactions. Recent studies on retrosynthesis focus on proposing more sophisticated prediction models, but the dataset to feed the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Katsuhiko Ishiguro , Kazuya Ujihara , Ryohto Sawada , Hirotaka Akita , Masaaki Kotera

While inorganic retrosynthesis planning is essential in the field of chemical science, the application of machine learning in this area has been notably less explored compared to organic retrosynthesis planning. In this paper, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Heewoong Noh , Namkyeong Lee , Gyoung S. Na , Chanyoung Park

Motivation: Retrosynthesis planning poses a formidable challenge in the organic chemical industry. Single-step retrosynthesis prediction, a crucial step in the planning process, has witnessed a surge in interest in recent years due to…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-04-22 Kaipeng Zeng , Bo yang , Xin Zhao , Yu Zhang , Fan Nie , Xiaokang Yang , Yaohui Jin , Yanyan Xu
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