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Large reasoning models such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI o1 generate extended chains of thought spanning thousands of tokens, yet their integration with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) remains fundamentally misaligned. Current RAG systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Dongxin Guo , Jikun Wu , Siu Ming Yiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning and verifiable rewards have achieved strong results on complex reasoning tasks. Recent work extends this paradigm to a multi-agent setting, where a meta-thinking agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhiwei Zhang , Xiaomin Li , Yudi Lin , Hui Liu , Ramraj Chandradevan , Linlin Wu , Minhua Lin , Fali Wang , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a popular technique for using large language models (LLMs) to build customer-support, question-answering solutions. In this paper, we share our team's practical experience building and maintaining…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Sarah Packowski , Inge Halilovic , Jenifer Schlotfeldt , Trish Smith

As large language models (LLMs) advance, their inability to autonomously execute tasks by directly interacting with external tools remains a critical limitation. Traditional methods rely on inputting tool descriptions as context, which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Renxi Wang , Xudong Han , Lei Ji , Shu Wang , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly benefited from training on diverse, high-quality task-specific data, leading to impressive performance across a range of downstream applications. Current methods often rely on human-annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Qintong Li , Jiahui Gao , Sheng Wang , Renjie Pi , Xueliang Zhao , Chuan Wu , Xin Jiang , Zhenguo Li , Lingpeng Kong

The integration of external knowledge through Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become foundational in enhancing large language models (LLMs) for knowledge-intensive tasks. However, existing RAG paradigms often overlook the cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yu Wang , Shiwan Zhao , Zhihu Wang , Ming Fan , Xicheng Zhang , Yubo Zhang , Zhengfan Wang , Heyuan Huang , Ting Liu

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) represent a breakthrough in AI problem-solving capabilities, but their effectiveness in interactive environments can be limited. This paper introduces and analyzes overthinking in LRMs. A phenomenon where…

The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in recommender systems faces key challenges in delivering deep personalization and intelligent reasoning, especially for interactive scenarios. Current methods are often constrained by limited…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Jiani Huang , Xingchen Zou , Lianghao Xia , Qing Li

Motivated by the puzzling observation that inserting long sequences of meaningless tokens before the query prompt can consistently enhance LLM reasoning performance, this work analyzes the underlying mechanism driving this phenomenon and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zeru Shi , Yingjia Wan , Zhenting Wang , Qifan Wang , Fan Yang , Elisa Kreiss , Ruixiang Tang

Ranking ensemble is a critical component in real recommender systems. When a user visits a platform, the system will prepare several item lists, each of which is generally from a single behavior objective recommendation model. As multiple…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Jiayu Li , Peijie Sun , Zhefan Wang , Weizhi Ma , Yangkun Li , Min Zhang , Zhoutian Feng , Daiyue Xue

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as one of the most significant technological advancements in artificial intelligence in recent years. Their ability to understand, generate, and reason with natural language has transformed how we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Yanfei Zhang

We present SegLLM, a novel multi-round interactive reasoning segmentation model that enhances LLM-based segmentation by exploiting conversational memory of both visual and textual outputs. By leveraging a mask-aware multimodal LLM, SegLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 XuDong Wang , Shaolun Zhang , Shufan Li , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Kehan Li , Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka , Trevor Darrell

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable strides in multimodal tasks such as visual question answering, visual grounding, and complex reasoning. However, they remain limited by static training data, susceptibility to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chan-Wei Hu , Yueqi Wang , Shuo Xing , Chia-Ju Chen , Suofei Feng , Ryan Rossi , Zhengzhong Tu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as an indispensable paradigm for enhancing reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, standard policy optimization methods, such as Group Relative Policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Pengyi Li , Elizaveta Goncharova , Andrey Kuznetsov , Ivan Oseledets

The conventional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) paradigm of injecting raw retrieved texts into the Large Language Model (LLM)'s context often results in suboptimal integration of retrieved information. This paper proposes to bridge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sangkwon Park , Donghun Kang , Jisoo Mok , Sungroh Yoon

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) with long chain-of-thought capabilities, optimized via reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), excel at objective reasoning tasks like mathematical problem solving and code generation. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yumeng Wang , Zhiyuan Fan , Jiayu Liu , Jen-tse Huang , Yi R. Fung

Conversational shopping agents represent a critical consumer-facing application of Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents, yet how to effectively apply post-training Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize such agents remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yiruo Cheng , Kelong Mao , Tianhao Li , Jiejun Tan , Ji-Rong Wen , Zhicheng Dou

The substitute-based recommendation is widely used in E-commerce to provide better alternatives to customers. However, existing research typically uses the customer behavior signals like co-view and view-but-purchase-another to capture the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Wenting Ye , Hongfei Yang , Shuai Zhao , Haoyang Fang , Xingjian Shi , Naveen Neppalli

Recommendation systems have traditionally relied on short-term engagement signals, such as clicks and likes, to personalize content. However, these signals are often noisy, sparse, and insufficient for capturing long-term user satisfaction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Saeideh Bakhshi , Phuong Mai Nguyen , Robert Schiller , Tiantian Xu , Pawan Kodandapani , Andrew Levine , Cayman Simpson , Qifan Wang

Multimodal Retrieval Augmented Generation (MRAG) systems have shown promise in enhancing the generation capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, existing MRAG frameworks primarily adhere to rigid, single-step…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Xiaohan Yu , Zhihan Yang , Chong Chen