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Table Question Answering (TableQA) attracts strong interests due to the prevalence of web information presented in the form of semi-structured tables. Despite many efforts, TableQA over large tables remains an open challenge. This is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yuxiang Wang , Junhao Gan , Jianzhong Qi

Attribution methods compute importance scores for input features to explain model predictions. However, assessing the faithfulness of these methods remains challenging due to the absence of attribution ground truth to model predictions. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Peiyu Yang , Naveed Akhtar , Jiantong Jiang , Ajmal Mian

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved table understanding tasks such as Table Question Answering (TableQA), yet challenges remain in ensuring reliability, scalability, and efficiency, especially in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Sieun Hyeon , Jusang Oh , Sunghwan Steve Cho , Jaeyoung Do

The rapid spread of misinformation in the digital era poses significant challenges to public discourse, necessitating robust and scalable fact-checking solutions. Traditional human-led fact-checking methods, while credible, struggle with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Tam Trinh , Manh Nguyen , Truong-Son Hy

Citation quality is crucial in information-seeking systems, directly influencing trust and the effectiveness of information access. Current evaluation frameworks, both human and automatic, mainly rely on Natural Language Inference (NLI) to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yumo Xu , Peng Qi , Jifan Chen , Kunlun Liu , Rujun Han , Lan Liu , Bonan Min , Vittorio Castelli , Arshit Gupta , Zhiguo Wang

Large language models (LLMs) power deep research agents that synthesize information from hundreds of web sources into cited reports, yet these citations cannot be reliably verified. Current approaches either trust models to self-cite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hailey Onweller , Elias Lumer , Austin Huber , Pia Ramchandani , Vamse Kumar Subbiah , Corey Feld

Question Answering over Tabular Data (Table QA) presents unique challenges due to the diverse structure, size, and data types of real-world tables. The SemEval 2025 Task 8 (DataBench) introduced a benchmark composed of large-scale,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Rishit Tyagi , Mohit Gupta , Rahul Bouri

While increasingly complex approaches to question answering (QA) have been proposed, the true gain of these systems, particularly with respect to their expensive training requirements, can be inflated when they are not compared to adequate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Vikas Yadav , Rebecca Sharp , Mihai Surdeanu

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) for regulatory compliance demands rigorous traceability via comprehensive citations across multi-tiered authority structures. Unlike traditional multi-hop or legal QA, this task requires structured…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yeong-Joon Ju , Seong-Whan Lee

Table Question Answering (Table QA) refers to providing precise answers from tables to answer a user's question. In recent years, there have been a lot of works on table QA, but there is a lack of comprehensive surveys on this research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Nengzheng Jin , Joanna Siebert , Dongfang Li , Qingcai Chen

We introduce DeepSearchQA, a 900-prompt benchmark for evaluating agents on difficult multi-step information-seeking tasks across 17 different fields. Unlike traditional benchmarks that target single answer retrieval or broad-spectrum…

Deep research agents have emerged as LLM-based systems designed to perform multi-step information seeking and reasoning over large, open-domain sources to answer complex questions by synthesizing information from multiple information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Mahta Rafiee , Heydar Soudani , Zahra Abbasiantaeb , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Faegheh Hasibi , Hamed Zamani

LLMs have shown impressive progress in natural language processing. However, they still face significant challenges in TableQA, where real-world complexities such as diverse table structures, multilingual data, and domain-specific reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Junnan Zhu , Jingyi Wang , Bohan Yu , Xiaoyu Wu , Junbo Li , Lei Wang , Nan Xu

Complex question answering across text, tables and images requires integrating diverse information sources. A framework supporting specialized processing with coordination and interpretability is needed. We introduce DeALOG, a decentralized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Abhijit Chakraborty , Ashish Raj Shekhar , Shiven Agarwal , Vivek Gupta

Table Question Answering (TQA) is an important but under-explored task. Most of the existing QA datasets are in unstructured text format and only few of them use tables as the context. To the best of our knowledge, none of TQA datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Man Luo , Sharad Saxena , Swaroop Mishra , Mihir Parmar , Chitta Baral

AI-driven automated scoring systems offer scalable and efficient means of evaluating complex student-generated responses. Yet, despite increasing demand for transparency and interpretability, the field has yet to develop a widely accepted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yunsung Kim , Mike Hardy , Joseph Tey , Candace Thille , Chris Piech

Multimodal large language models increasingly solve vision-centric tasks by calling external tools for visual inspection, OCR, retrieval, calculation, and multi-step reasoning. Current tool-using agents usually expose the executed tool…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bihui Yu , Caijun Jia , Jing Chi , Xiaohan Liu , Yining Wang , He Bai , Yuchen Liu , Jingxuan Wei , Junnan Zhu

Realistic text-to-SQL workflows often require joining multiple tables. As a result, accurately retrieving the relevant set of tables becomes a key bottleneck for end-to-end performance. We study an open-book setting where queries must be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hassan Soliman , Vivek Gupta , Dan Roth , Iryna Gurevych

In open question answering (QA), the answer to a question is produced by retrieving and then analyzing documents that might contain answers to the question. Most open QA systems have considered only retrieving information from unstructured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Wenhu Chen , Ming-Wei Chang , Eva Schlinger , William Wang , William W. Cohen

Attributed Question Answering (AQA) has attracted wide attention, but there are still several limitations in evaluating the attributions, including lacking fine-grained attribution categories, relying on manual annotations, and failing to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Nan Hu , Jiaoyan Chen , Yike Wu , Guilin Qi , Hongru Wang , Sheng Bi , Yongrui Chen , Tongtong Wu , Jeff Z. Pan