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Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable impacts across a wide spectrum of natural language processing tasks. Fine-tuning these pretrained models on downstream datasets provides further significant performance gains; however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhikai Li , Xiaoxuan Liu , Banghua Zhu , Zhen Dong , Qingyi Gu , Kurt Keutzer

As large language models (LLMs) scale in size and adoption, their computational and environmental costs continue to rise. Prior benchmarking efforts have primarily focused on latency reduction in idealized settings, often overlooking the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Jared Fernandez , Clara Na , Vashisth Tiwari , Yonatan Bisk , Sasha Luccioni , Emma Strubell

Quantization has become a predominant approach for model compression, enabling deployment of large models trained on GPUs onto smaller form-factor devices for inference. Quantization-aware training (QAT) optimizes model parameters with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Zheng Wang , Juncheng B Li , Shuhui Qu , Florian Metze , Emma Strubell

Emerging intelligent service scenarios in 6G communication impose stringent requirements for low latency, high reliability, and privacy preservation. Generative large language models (LLMs) are gradually becoming key enablers for the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Pengyan Zhu , Tingting Yang

As an increasing amount of image and video content will be analyzed by machines, there is demand for a new codec paradigm that is capable of compressing visual input primarily for the purpose of computer vision inference, while secondarily…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-12 Ezgi Ozyilkan , Mateen Ulhaq , Hyomin Choi , Fabien Racape

Withtherapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), the context length for inference has been continuously increasing, leading to an exponential growth in the demand for Key-Value (KV) caching. This has resulted in a significant…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yanyu Liu , Jingying Fu , Sixiang Liu , Yitian Zou , You Fu , Jiehan Zhou , Shouhua Zhang

Traditional machine learning applications, such as optical character recognition, arose from the inability to explicitly program a computer to perform a routine task. In this context, learning algorithms usually derive a model exclusively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-14 Alex Wozniakowski , Jayne Thompson , Mile Gu , Felix Binder

Recently, deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely applied in mobile intelligent applications. The inference for the DNNs is usually performed in the cloud. However, it leads to a large overhead of transmitting data via wireless…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Guangli Li , Lei Liu , Xueying Wang , Xiao Dong , Peng Zhao , Xiaobing Feng

The collaboration of large artificial intelligence (AI) models in mobile edge networks has emerged as a promising paradigm to meet the growing demand for intelligent services at the network edge. By enabling multiple devices to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Peichun Li , Liping Qian , Dusit Niyato , Shiwen Mao , Yuan Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the natural language processing paradigm but impose substantial demands on memory and computational resources. Quantization is one of the most effective ways to reduce memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Xilong Xie , Liang Wang , Limin Xiao , Meng Han , Lin Sun , Shuai Zheng , Xiangrong Xu

In real world, large language models (LLMs) can serve as the assistant to help users accomplish their jobs, and also support the development of advanced applications. For the wide application of LLMs, the inference efficiency is an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Yushuo Chen , Tianyi Tang , Erge Xiang , Linjiang Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jing Wang , Yunpeng Chai , Ji-Rong Wen

QLoRA reduces the memory-cost of fine-tuning a large language model (LLM) with LoRA by quantizing the base LLM. However, quantization introduces quantization errors that negatively impact model performance after fine-tuning. In this paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Neal Lawton , Aishwarya Padmakumar , Judith Gaspers , Jack FitzGerald , Anoop Kumar , Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan

AI predictive systems are increasingly embedded in decision making pipelines, shaping high stakes choices once made solely by humans. Yet robust decisions under uncertainty still rely on capabilities that current AI lacks: domain knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Sima Noorani , Shayan Kiyani , George Pappas , Hamed Hassani

The recent boom of large language models (LLMs) has re-ignited the hope that artificial intelligence (AI) systems could aid medical diagnosis. Yet despite dazzling benchmark scores, LLM assistants have yet to deliver measurable improvements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Matthew JY Kang , Wenli Yang , Monica R Roberts , Byeong Ho Kang , Charles B Malpas

Hybrid cloud-edge infrastructures now support latency-critical workloads ranging from autonomous vehicles and surgical robotics to immersive AR/VR. However, they continue to experience crippling long-tail latency spikes whenever bursty…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Eunil Seo , Chanh Nguyen , Erik Elmroth

In disentangled representation learning, a model is asked to tease apart a dataset's underlying sources of variation and represent them independently of one another. Since the model is provided with no ground truth information about these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Kyle Hsu , Will Dorrell , James C. R. Whittington , Jiajun Wu , Chelsea Finn

Driven by the growing demand for intelligent remote sensing applications, large artificial intelligence (AI) models pre-trained on large-scale unlabeled datasets and fine-tuned for downstream tasks have significantly improved learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuanming Shi , Jingyang Zhu , Chunxiao Jiang , Linling Kuang , Khaled B. Letaief

We reveal that low-bit quantization favors undertrained large language models (LLMs) by observing that models with larger sizes or fewer training tokens experience less quantization-induced degradation (QiD) when applying low-bit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Xu Ouyang , Tao Ge , Thomas Hartvigsen , Zhisong Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) features such as image editing, object removal, and prompt-guided image transformation are increasingly integrated into mobile applications. However, deploying Large Vision Models (LVMs) for such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Sowmya Vajrala , Aakash Parmar , Prasanna R , Sravanth Kodavanti , Manjunath Arveti , Srinivas Soumitri Miriyala , Ashok Senapati

The wide-spread adoption of representation learning technologies in clinical decision making strongly emphasizes the need for characterizing model reliability and enabling rigorous introspection of model behavior. While the former need is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Prasanna Sattigeri , Deepta Rajan , Bindya Venkatesh