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The common standard for quality evaluation of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is reference-based metrics such as the Word Error Rate (WER), computed using manual ground-truth transcriptions that are time-consuming and expensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Kamer Ali Yuksel , Thiago Ferreira , Ahmet Gunduz , Mohamed Al-Badrashiny , Golara Javadi

Modern speech synthesis systems have improved significantly, with synthetic speech being indistinguishable from real speech. However, efficient and holistic evaluation of synthetic speech still remains a significant challenge. Human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Dareen Alharthi , Roshan Sharma , Hira Dhamyal , Soumi Maiti , Bhiksha Raj , Rita Singh

As Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is increasingly deployed in clinical dialogue, standard evaluations still rely heavily on Word Error Rate (WER). This paper challenges that standard, investigating whether WER or other common metrics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zachary Ellis , Jared Joselowitz , Yash Deo , Yajie He , Anna Kalygina , Aisling Higham , Mana Rahimzadeh , Yan Jia , Ibrahim Habli , Ernest Lim

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) transcription errors are commonly assessed using metrics that compare them with a reference transcription, such as Word Error Rate (WER), which measures spelling deviations from the reference, or semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Antoine Tholly , Jane Wottawa , Mickael Rouvier , Richard Dufour

Word error rate (WER) as a metric has a variety of limitations that have plagued the field of speech recognition. Evaluation datasets suffer from varying style, formality, and inherent ambiguity of the transcription task. In this work, we…

Word Error Rate (WER) is the primary metric used to assess automatic speech recognition (ASR) model quality. It has been shown that ASR models tend to have much higher WER on speakers with speech impairments than typical English speakers.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-23 Jimmy Tobin , Qisheng Li , Subhashini Venugopalan , Katie Seaver , Richard Cave , Katrin Tomanek

Word error rate (WER) is a metric used to evaluate the quality of transcriptions produced by Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. In many applications, it is of interest to estimate WER given a pair of a speech utterance and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Chanho Park , Mingjie Chen , Thomas Hain

Traditional ASR metrics like WER and CER fail to capture intelligibility, especially for dysarthric and dysphonic speech, where semantic alignment matters more than exact word matches. ASR systems struggle with these speech types, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Bornali Phukon , Xiuwen Zheng , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) outcomes serve as input for downstream tasks, substantially impacting the satisfaction level of end-users. Hence, the diagnosis and enhancement of the vulnerabilities present in the ASR model bear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Seonmin Koo , Chanjun Park , Jinsung Kim , Jaehyung Seo , Sugyeong Eo , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

Recent advances in supervised, semi-supervised and self-supervised deep learning algorithms have shown significant improvement in the performance of automatic speech recognition(ASR) systems. The state-of-the-art systems have achieved a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Somnath Roy

Source separation is a crucial pre-processing step for various speech processing tasks, such as automatic speech recognition (ASR). Traditionally, the evaluation metrics for speech separation rely on the matched reference audios and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Ari Frummer , Helin Wang , Tianyu Cao , Adi Arbel , Yuval Sieradzki , Oren Gal , Jesús Villalba , Thomas Thebaud , Najim Dehak

Reverberation negatively impacts the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Prior work on quantifying the effect of reverberation has shown that clarity (C50), a parameter that can be estimated from the acoustic impulse…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-17 Hannes Gamper , Dimitra Emmanouilidou , Sebastian Braun , Ivan J. Tashev

Word error rate (WER) is a standard metric for the evaluation of Automated Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. However, WER fails to provide a fair evaluation of human perceived quality in presence of spelling variations, abbreviations, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Satarupa Guha , Rahul Ambavat , Ankur Gupta , Manish Gupta , Rupeshkumar Mehta

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have traditionally been evaluated using English datasets, with the word error rate (WER) serving as the predominant metric. WER's simplicity and ease of interpretation have contributed to its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Thennal D K , Jesin James , Deepa P Gopinath , Muhammed Ashraf K

Text encodings from automatic speech recognition (ASR) transcripts and audio representations have shown promise in speech emotion recognition (SER) ever since. Yet, it is challenging to explain the effect of each information stream on the…

Automatic speech intelligibility assessment is crucial for monitoring speech disorders and therapy efficacy. However, existing methods are difficult to compare: research is fragmented across private datasets with inconsistent protocols. We…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Bence Mark Halpern , Thomas Tienkamp , Defne Abur , Tomoki Toda

Natural language processing of conversational speech requires the availability of high-quality transcripts. In this paper, we express our skepticism towards the recent reports of very low Word Error Rates (WERs) achieved by modern Automatic…

Non-intrusive intelligibility prediction is important for its application in realistic scenarios, where a clean reference signal is difficult to access. The construction of many non-intrusive predictors require either ground truth…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-07 Zehai Tu , Ning Ma , Jon Barker

While Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is typically benchmarked by word error rate (WER), real-world applications ultimately hinge on semantic fidelity. This mismatch is particularly problematic for dysarthric speech, where articulatory…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-30 Xiuwen Zheng , Sixun Dong , Bornali Phukon , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Chang D. Yoo

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are commonly evaluated using aggregate metrics such as Word Error Rate (WER), which do not capture the linguistic structure of errors. Fine-grained analysis, such as Part-of-Speech (PoS)-wise error…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Prasenjit K Mudi , Dahlia Devapriya , Sheetal Kalyani
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