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Attention-based Transformers have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) and shown strong performance in computer vision (CV) tasks. However, as the input sequence varies, the computational bottlenecks in Transformer models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Huizheng Wang , Hongbin Wang , Shaojun Wei , Yang Hu , Shouyi Yin

Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA), introduced in DeepSeek-V2, compresses key-value states into a low-rank latent vector, caching only this vector to reduce memory. In tensor parallelism (TP), however, attention heads are computed across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Xiaojuan Tang , Fanxu Meng , Pingzhi Tang , Yuxuan Wang , Di Yin , Xing Sun , Muhan Zhang

Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA), introduced in DeepSeek-V2, improves the efficiency of large language models by projecting query, key, and value tensors into a compact latent space. This architectural change reduces the KV-cache size and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Robin Geens , Marian Verhelst

We demonstrate the possibility of what we call sparse learning: accelerated training of deep neural networks that maintain sparse weights throughout training while achieving dense performance levels. We accomplish this by developing sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Tim Dettmers , Luke Zettlemoyer

The human brain uses selective attention to filter perceptual input so that only the components that are useful for behaviour are processed using its limited computational resources. We focus on one particular form of visual attention known…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-31 Sam Blakeman , Denis Mareschal

Vision Transformer (ViT) has emerged as a competitive alternative to convolutional neural networks for various computer vision applications. Specifically, ViT multi-head attention layers make it possible to embed information globally across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Jyotikrishna Dass , Shang Wu , Huihong Shi , Chaojian Li , Zhifan Ye , Zhongfeng Wang , Yingyan Lin

With the rise of Transformer models in NLP and CV domain, Multi-Head Attention has been proven to be a game-changer. However, its expensive computation poses challenges to the model throughput and efficiency, especially for the long…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-12 Jiing-Ping Wang , Ming-Guang Lin , An-Yeu , Wu

The computational difficulties of large language model (LLM) inference remain a significant obstacle to their widespread deployment. The need for many applications to support long input sequences and process them in large batches typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Luka Ribar , Ivan Chelombiev , Luke Hudlass-Galley , Charlie Blake , Carlo Luschi , Douglas Orr

Vision Transformers (ViT) have shown their competitive advantages performance-wise compared to convolutional neural networks (CNNs) though they often come with high computational costs. To this end, previous methods explore different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Cong Wei , Brendan Duke , Ruowei Jiang , Parham Aarabi , Graham W. Taylor , Florian Shkurti

Attention-based end-to-end models such as Listen, Attend and Spell (LAS), simplify the whole pipeline of traditional automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems and become popular in the field of speech recognition. In previous work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Ruchao Fan , Pan Zhou , Wei Chen , Jia Jia , Gang Liu

Maximal Coding Rate Reduction (MCR2)-driven white-box transformer, grounded in structured representation learning, unifies interpretability and efficiency, providing a reliable white-box solution for visual modeling. However, in existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Tianyuan Liu , Libin Hou , Linyuan Wang , Bin Yan

Recently, random feature attentions (RFAs) are proposed to approximate the softmax attention in linear time and space complexity by linearizing the exponential kernel. In this paper, we first propose a novel perspective to understand the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Lin Zheng , Chong Wang , Lingpeng Kong

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image and video generation tasks. However, the high computational demands of Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) pose a significant challenge to their practical deployment. While feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Peiliang Cai , Jiacheng Liu , Haowen Xu , Xinyu Wang , Chang Zou , Linfeng Zhang

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) are essential for video generation but suffer from significant latency due to the quadratic complexity of attention. By computing only critical tokens, sparse attention reduces computational costs and offers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Shuo Yang , Haocheng Xi , Yilong Zhao , Muyang Li , Jintao Zhang , Han Cai , Yujun Lin , Xiuyu Li , Chenfeng Xu , Jianfei Chen , Song Han , Kurt Keutzer , Ion Stoica

In this paper, to remedy this deficiency, we propose a Linear Attention Mechanism which is approximate to dot-product attention with much less memory and computational costs. The efficient design makes the incorporation between attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-21 Rui Li , Jianlin Su , Chenxi Duan , Shunyi Zheng

Although transformer architectures have achieved state-of-the-art performance across diverse domains, their quadratic computational complexity with respect to sequence length remains a significant bottleneck, particularly for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zeyu Liu , Souvik Kundu , Lianghao Jiang , Anni Li , Srikanth Ronanki , Sravan Bodapati , Gourav Datta , Peter A. Beerel

Recent neural networks (NNs) with self-attention exhibit competitiveness across different AI domains, but the essential attention mechanism brings massive computation and memory demands. To this end, various sparsity patterns are introduced…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haibin Wu , Wenming Li , Kai Yan , Zhihua Fan , Peiyang Wu , Yuqun Liu , Yanhuan Liu , Ziqing Qiang , Meng Wu , Kunming Liu , Xiaochun Ye , Dongrui Fan

Attention mechanisms underpin modern deep learning, while the quadratic time and space complexity limit scalability for long sequences. To address this, Quantum Annealing Multi-Head Attention (QAMA) is proposed, a novel drop-in operator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Peng Du , Jinjing Shi , Wenxuan Wang , Yin Ma , Kai Wen , Xuelong Li

With the increasing volumes of Large Language Models (LLMs) and the expanding context lengths, attention computation has become a key performance bottleneck in LLM serving. For fast attention computation, recent practices often parallelize…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Di Liu , Yifei Liu , Chen Chen , Zhibin Yu , Xiaoyi Fan , Quan Chen , Minyi Guo

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) dominate video generation but their high computational cost severely limits real-world applicability, usually requiring tens of minutes to generate a few seconds of video even on high-performance GPUs. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Haocheng Xi , Shuo Yang , Yilong Zhao , Chenfeng Xu , Muyang Li , Xiuyu Li , Yujun Lin , Han Cai , Jintao Zhang , Dacheng Li , Jianfei Chen , Ion Stoica , Kurt Keutzer , Song Han