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Systemic risk measures quantify the potential risk to an individual financial constituent arising from the distress of entire financial system. As a generalization of two widely applied risk measures, Value-at-Risk and Expected Shortfall,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-24 Qingzhao Zhong , Yanxi Hou

Optimizing risk measures such as Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) of a general loss distribution is usually difficult, because 1) the loss function might lack structural properties such as convexity or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-03 Helin Zhu , Joshua Hale , Enlu Zhou

Survival analysis is a critical tool for modeling time-to-event data. Recent deep learning-based models have reduced various modeling assumptions including proportional hazard and linearity. However, a persistent challenge remains in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Maxmillan Ries , Sohan Seth

In several real-world applications involving decision making under uncertainty, the traditional expected value objective may not be suitable, as it may be necessary to control losses in the case of a rare but extreme event. Conditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Ravi Kumar Kolla , Prashanth L. A. , Sanjay P. Bhat , Krishna Jagannathan

Recent financial disasters have emphasised the need to accurately predict extreme financial losses and their consequences for the institutions belonging to a given financial market. The ability of econometric models to predict extreme…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-01-22 Mauro Bernardi , Leopoldo Catania

In many sequential decision-making problems we may want to manage risk by minimizing some measure of variability in costs in addition to minimizing a standard criterion. Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) is a relatively new risk measure that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-14 Yinlam Chow , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

We introduce a semiparametric approach for forecasting Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) by modeling the conditional scale of financial returns, defined as the difference between two specified quantiles, via restricted…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-18 Xiaochun Liu , Richard Luger

Several well-established benchmark predictors exist for Value-at-Risk (VaR), a major instrument for financial risk management. Hybrid methods combining AR-GARCH filtering with skewed-$t$ residuals and the extreme value theory-based approach…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-11-25 Shige Peng , Shuzhen Yang , Jianfeng Yao

The valuation of over-the-counter derivatives is subject to a series of valuation adjustments known as xVA, which pose additional risks for financial institutions. Associated risk measures, such as the value-at-risk of an underlying…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-24 Michael B. Giles , Abdul-Lateef Haji-Ali , Jonathan Spence

This paper concerns sequential computation of risk measures for financial data and asks how, given a risk measurement procedure, we can tell whether the answers it produces are `correct'. We draw the distinction between `external' and…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2015-11-20 Mark H. A. Davis

The conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) is a useful risk measure in fields such as machine learning, finance, insurance, energy, etc. When measuring very extreme risk, the commonly used CVaR estimation method of sample averaging does not work…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-10 Dylan Troop , Frédéric Godin , Jia Yuan Yu

Distributional reinforcement learning (RL) -- in which agents learn about all the possible long-term consequences of their actions, and not just the expected value -- is of great recent interest. One of the most important affordances of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Chris Gagne , Peter Dayan

Value at Risk (VaR) and stress testing are two of the most widely used approaches in portfolio risk management to estimate potential market value losses under adverse market moves. VaR quantifies potential loss in value over a specified…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-01 Krishan Mohan Nagpal

In this study, we propose a new definition of multivariate conditional value-at-risk (MCVaR) as a set of vectors for discrete probability spaces. We explore the properties of the vector-valued MCVaR (VMCVaR) and show the advantages of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Merve Merakli , Simge Kucukyavuz

Risk-sensitive reinforcement learning (RL) aims to optimize policies that balance the expected reward and risk. In this paper, we present a novel risk-sensitive RL framework that employs an Iterated Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Yu Chen , Yihan Du , Pihe Hu , Siwei Wang , Desheng Wu , Longbo Huang

Conditional value at risk (CVaR) is a popular measure for quantifying portfolio risk. Sensitivity analysis of CVaR is very useful in risk management and gradient-based optimization algorithms. In this paper, we study the infinitesimal…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Zhijian He

We develop an extreme value framework for CoVaR centered on $v(q \mid p ; C)$, the copula-adjusted probability level, or equivalently, the CoVaR on the uniform (0,1) scale. We characterize the possible tail regimes of $v(q \mid p ; C)$…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-31 Xiaoting Li , Harry Joe

We introduce two quantum algorithms to compute the Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) of financial derivatives using quantum computers: the first by applying existing ideas from quantum risk analysis to derivative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 Nikitas Stamatopoulos , B. David Clader , Stefan Woerner , William J. Zeng

In this paper we investigate the impact of news to predict extreme financial returns using high frequency data. We consider several model specifications differing for the dynamic property of the underlying stochastic process as well as for…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-01-12 Mauro Bernardi , Leopoldo Catania , Lea Petrella

Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) precisely characterizes the influence that rare, catastrophic events can exert over decisions. Such characterizations are important for both normal decision-making and for psychiatric conditions such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Chris Gagne , Peter Dayan