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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable progress in embodied tasks recently, but most methods process visual observations independently at each timestep. This history-agnostic design treats robot manipulation as a Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lei Xiao , Jifeng Li , Juntao Gao , Feiyang Ye , Yan Jin , Jingjing Qian , Jing Zhang , Yong Wu , Xiaoyuan Yu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable embodied decision-making but rely heavily on imitation learning, leading to compounding errors and poor robustness under distribution shift. Reinforcement learning (RL) can mitigate these issues…

Pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved remarkable success in improving robustness and generalization for end-to-end robotic manipulation. However, these models struggle with long-horizon tasks due to their lack of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Runhao Li , Wenkai Guo , Zhenyu Wu , Changyuan Wang , Haoyuan Deng , Zhenyu Weng , Yap-Peng Tan , Ziwei Wang

Vision-Language-Action systems follow instructions to execute multi-step tasks in multimodal environments. Recent VLA approaches typically rely on post-hoc correction mechanisms or operate under fixed task decompositions and alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiyin Zeng , Yuyu Sun , Haoyang Li , Shouqiang Liu , Hao Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have gained much attention from the research community thanks to their strength in translating multimodal observations with linguistic instructions into desired robotic actions. Despite their…

Robotic manipulation is a fundamental component of automation. However, traditional perception-planning pipelines often fall short in open-ended tasks due to limited flexibility, while the architecture of a single end-to-end…

Building agents that autonomously operate mobile devices has attracted increasing attention. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show promise, most existing approaches rely on direct state-to-action mappings, which lack structured reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhe Wu , Hongjin Lu , Junliang Xing , Changhao Zhang , Yuxuan Li , Yin Zhu , Yuhao Yang , Yuheng Jing , Kai Li , Kun Shao , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang , Yuanchun Shi

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models map visual observations and language instructions directly to robotic actions. While effective for simple tasks, standard VLA models often struggle with complex, multi-step tasks requiring logical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhide Zhong , Junfeng Li , Junjie He , Haodong Yan , Xin Gong , Guanyi Zhao , Yingjie Cai , Jiantao Gao , Xu Yan , Bingbing Liu , Yingcong Chen , Liuqing Yang , Haoang Li

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong multi-modal reasoning capabilities, enabling direct action generation from visual perception and language instructions in an end-to-end manner. However, their substantial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Siyu Xu , Yunke Wang , Chenghao Xia , Dihao Zhu , Tao Huang , Chang Xu

While end-to-end Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation, fine-tuning them on narrow control data often compromises the profound reasoning capabilities inherited from their base…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tianshuo Yang , Guanyu Chen , Yutian Chen , Zhixuan Liang , Yitian Liu , Zanxin Chen , Chunpu Xu , Haotian Liang , Jiangmiao Pang , Yao Mu , Ping Luo

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities in robotic manipulation tasks, yet their substantial computational overhead remains a critical obstacle to real-world deployment. Improving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yujie Wei , Jiahan Fan , Jiyu Guo , Ruichen Zhen , Rui Shao , Xiu Su , Zeke Xie , Shuo Yang

The rapid advancement of generative AI and multi-modal foundation models has shown significant potential in advancing robotic manipulation. Vision-language-action (VLA) models, in particular, have emerged as a promising approach for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zhijie Wang , Zhehua Zhou , Jiayang Song , Yuheng Huang , Zhan Shu , Lei Ma

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently enabled robotic manipulation by grounding visual and linguistic cues into actions. However, most VLAs assume the Markov property, relying only on the current observation and thus suffering…

Vision and Language Pretraining has become the prevalent approach for tackling multimodal downstream tasks. The current trend is to move towards ever larger models and pretraining datasets. This computational headlong rush does not seem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Mustafa Shukor , Guillaume Couairon , Matthieu Cord

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires agents to follow language instructions while acting in continuous real-world spaces. Prior image imagination based VLN work shows benefits for discrete panoramas but lacks online,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yanjia Huang , Xianshun Jiang , Xiangbo Gao , Mingyang Wu , Zhengzhong Tu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models promise generalist robot manipulation, but are typically trained and deployed as short-horizon policies that assume the latest observation is sufficient for action reasoning. This assumption breaks in…

In recent human-robot collaboration environments, there is a growing focus on integrating diverse sensor data beyond visual information to enable safer and more intelligent task execution. Although thermal data can be crucial for enhancing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Young-Chae Son , Dae-Kwan Ko , Yoon-Ji Choi , Soo-Chul Lim

Developing robust and general-purpose manipulation policies represents a fundamental objective in robotics research. While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated promising capabilities for end-to-end robot control, existing…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models finetuned from vision-language models (VLMs) hold the promise of leveraging rich pretrained representations to build generalist robots across diverse tasks and environments. However, direct fine-tuning on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Shresth Grover , Akshay Gopalkrishnan , Bo Ai , Henrik I. Christensen , Hao Su , Xuanlin Li

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for enabling generalist robots capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting in the real world. These models usually build upon pretrained Vision-Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tao Lin , Gen Li , Yilei Zhong , Yanwen Zou , Yuxin Du , Jiting Liu , Encheng Gu , Bo Zhao
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