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We present LLMStructBench, a novel benchmark for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) on extracting structured data and generating valid JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) outputs from natural-language text. Our open dataset comprises…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sönke Tenckhoff , Mario Koddenbrock , Erik Rodner

Reliably generating structured outputs has become a critical capability for modern language model (LM) applications. Constrained decoding has emerged as the dominant technology across sectors for enforcing structured outputs during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Saibo Geng , Hudson Cooper , Michał Moskal , Samuel Jenkins , Julian Berman , Nathan Ranchin , Robert West , Eric Horvitz , Harsha Nori

Document-to-table (Doc2Table) extraction derives structured tables from unstructured documents under a target schema, enabling reliable and verifiable SQL-based data analytics. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Yuxiang Guo , Zhuoran Du , Nan Tang , Kezheng Tang , Congcong Ge , Yunjun Gao

Table Extraction (TE) consists in extracting tables from PDF documents, in a structured format which can be automatically processed. While numerous TE tools exist, the variety of methods and techniques makes it difficult for users to choose…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Marijan Soric , Cécile Gracianne , Ioana Manolescu , Pierre Senellart

Reliably extracting tables from PDFs is essential for large-scale scientific data mining and knowledge base construction, yet existing evaluation approaches rely on rule-based metrics that fail to capture semantic equivalence of table…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Pius Horn , Janis Keuper

Document Structured Extraction (DSE) aims to extract structured content from raw documents. Despite the emergence of numerous DSE systems, their unified evaluation remains inadequate, significantly hindering the field's advancement. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zichao Li , Aizier Abulaiti , Yaojie Lu , Xuanang Chen , Jia Zheng , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

Document content extraction is a critical task in computer vision, underpinning the data needs of large language models (LLMs) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. Despite recent progress, current document parsing methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Linke Ouyang , Yuan Qu , Hongbin Zhou , Jiawei Zhu , Rui Zhang , Qunshu Lin , Bin Wang , Zhiyuan Zhao , Man Jiang , Xiaomeng Zhao , Jin Shi , Fan Wu , Pei Chu , Minghao Liu , Zhenxiang Li , Chao Xu , Bo Zhang , Botian Shi , Zhongying Tu , Conghui He

Extracting structured information from visual documents (Visual Information Extraction, VIE) is a cornerstone of business automation. While recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising capabilities, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yandi Wang , Libin Zhan , Ziwei Huang , Tiancheng Luo , Yuxuan Jiang , Wang Dong , Leilei Gan , Jun Chen

Extracting structured information from text, such as key-value pairs that could augment tabular data, is quite useful in many enterprise use cases. Although large language models (LLMs) have enabled numerous automated pipelines for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Satyananda Kashyap , Sola Shirai , Nandana Mihindukulasooriya , Horst Samulowitz

Correctly parsing mathematical formulas from PDFs is critical for training large language models and building scientific knowledge bases from academic literature, yet existing benchmarks either exclude formulas entirely or lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Pius Horn , Janis Keuper

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can accelerate text-heavy tasks in alternative investment due diligence, a gap remains in their ability to accurately extract and reason over structured tabular data from complex financial spreadsheets.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jan Ravnik , Matjaž Ličen , Felix Bührmann , Bithiah Yuan , Felix Stinson , Tanvi Singh

Large Language Models are increasingly being deployed to extract structured data from unstructured and semi-structured sources: parsing invoices, medical records, and converting PDF documents to database entries. Yet existing benchmarks for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Abhinav Kumar Singh , Harsha Vardhan Khurdula , Yoeven D Khemlani , Vineet Agarwal

Extracting information from academic PDF documents is crucial for numerous indexing, retrieval, and analysis use cases. Choosing the best tool to extract specific content elements is difficult because many, technically diverse tools are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Norman Meuschke , Apurva Jagdale , Timo Spinde , Jelena Mitrović , Bela Gipp

We introduce VAREX (VARied-schema EXtraction), a benchmark for evaluating multimodal foundation models on structured data extraction from government forms. VAREX employs a Reverse Annotation pipeline that programmatically fills PDF…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Udi Barzelay , Ophir Azulai , Inbar Shapira , Idan Friedman , Foad Abo Dahood , Madison Lee , Abraham Daniels

This paper introduces ExpertLongBench, an expert-level benchmark containing 11 tasks from 9 domains that reflect realistic expert workflows and applications. Beyond question answering, the application-driven tasks in ExpertLongBench demand…

Aggregating experimental data from papers enables materials scientists to build better property prediction models and to facilitate scientific discovery. Recently, interest has grown in extracting not only single material properties but…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Curtis Chong , Jorge Colindres

Effective evaluation of web data record extraction methods is crucial, yet hampered by static, domain-specific benchmarks and opaque scoring practices. This makes fair comparison between traditional algorithmic techniques, which rely on…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Soyeon Kim , Namhee Kim , Yeonwoo Jeong

With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), there is an expectation that LLMs can effectively extract explicit information from complex real-world documents (e.g., papers, reports). However, most LLMs generate paragraph-style…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Tianyun Zhong , Guozhao Mo , Yanjiang Liu , Yihan Chen , Lingdi Kong , Xuanang Chen , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Shiwei Ye , Xianpei Han , Ben He , Le Sun

Recently, there has been a growing interest among large language model (LLM) developers in LLM-based document reading systems, which enable users to upload their own documents and pose questions related to the document contents, going…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Anni Zou , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Kaixin Ma , Deng Cai , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Dong Yu

Document parsing converts visually rich documents into machine-readable structured representations, forming a crucial foundation for information systems. Although many benchmarks have been proposed for document parsing, they remain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Bangbang Zhou , Hangdi Xing , Yifan Chen , Jianjun Xu , Qi Zheng , Feiyu Gao , Zhibo Yang , Shuai Bai , Ming Yan , Jieping Ye , Hongtao Xie
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