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Attention-free language models that combine gating and convolutions are growing in popularity due to their efficiency and increasingly competitive performance. To better understand these architectures, we pretrain a suite of 17 attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Simran Arora , Sabri Eyuboglu , Aman Timalsina , Isys Johnson , Michael Poli , James Zou , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

The advent of foundation models have revolutionized various fields, enabling unprecedented task accuracy and flexibility in computational linguistics, computer vision and other domains. Attention mechanism has become an essential component…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mohammadali Shakerdargah , Shan Lu , Chao Gao , Di Niu

Most current long-context language models still rely on attention to handle both local interaction and long-range state, which leaves relatively little room to test alternative decompositions of sequence modeling. We propose LPC-SM, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-11 Keqin Xie

Standard accounts of memory consolidation emphasise the stabilisation of stored representations, but struggle to explain representational drift, semanticisation, or the necessity of offline replay. Here we propose that high-capacity…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-06 Zafeirios Fountas , Adnan Oomerjee , Haitham Bou-Ammar , Jun Wang , Neil Burgess

Long-context models are essential for many applications but face inefficiencies in loading large KV caches during decoding. Prior methods enforce fixed token budgets for sparse attention, assuming a set number of tokens can approximate full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kan Zhu , Tian Tang , Qinyu Xu , Yile Gu , Zhichen Zeng , Rohan Kadekodi , Liangyu Zhao , Ang Li , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Baris Kasikci

Attention is an important cognition process of humans, which helps humans concentrate on critical information during their perception and learning. However, although many machine learning models can remember information of data, they have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Guoqiang Zhong , Xin Lin , Kang Chen , Qingyang Li , Kaizhu Huang

The attention mechanism in Transformers is an important primitive for accurate and scalable sequence modeling. Its quadratic-compute and linear-memory complexity however remain significant bottlenecks. Linear attention and state-space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Han Guo , Songlin Yang , Tarushii Goel , Eric P. Xing , Tri Dao , Yoon Kim

Attention mechanisms have become a core component of deep learning models, with Channel Attention and Spatial Attention being the two most representative architectures. Current research on their fusion strategies primarily bifurcates into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Zhongming Liu , Bingbing Jiang

We propose Adaptive Compressed Gradient Descent (AdaCGD) - a novel optimization algorithm for communication-efficient training of supervised machine learning models with adaptive compression level. Our approach is inspired by the recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Maksim Makarenko , Elnur Gasanov , Rustem Islamov , Abdurakhmon Sadiev , Peter Richtarik

Transformer architectures have achieved state-of-the-art results on a variety of sequence modeling tasks. However, their attention mechanism comes with a quadratic complexity in sequence lengths, making the computational overhead…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Hao Peng , Jungo Kasai , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Zhaofeng Wu , Lingpeng Kong , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith

Complex systems such as aircraft engines, turbines, and industrial machinery often operate under dynamically changing conditions. These varying operating conditions can substantially influence degradation behavior and make prognostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yuqi Su , Xiaolei Fang

Distributed model training suffers from communication bottlenecks due to frequent model updates transmitted across compute nodes. To alleviate these bottlenecks, practitioners use gradient compression techniques like sparsification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Saurabh Agarwal , Hongyi Wang , Kangwook Lee , Shivaram Venkataraman , Dimitris Papailiopoulos

Catastrophic forgetting - the tendency of neural networks to forget previously learned data when learning new information - remains a central challenge in continual learning. In this work, we adopt a behavioral approach, observing a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Guy Hacohen , Tinne Tuytelaars

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a fundamental algorithm in machine learning, representing the optimization backbone for training several classic models, from regression to neural networks. Given the recent practical focus on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-25 Dan Alistarh , Christopher De Sa , Nikola Konstantinov

Reservoir computing has proven effective for tasks such as time-series prediction, particularly in the context of chaotic systems. However, conventional reservoir computing frameworks often face challenges in achieving high prediction…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2025-05-28 Felix Köster , Kazutaka Kanno , Atsushi Uchida

We introduce the sparse modern Hopfield model as a sparse extension of the modern Hopfield model. Like its dense counterpart, the sparse modern Hopfield model equips a memory-retrieval dynamics whose one-step approximation corresponds to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Donglin Yang , Dennis Wu , Chenwei Xu , Bo-Yu Chen , Han Liu

Recent advances in efficient Transformers have exploited either the sparsity or low-rank properties of attention matrices to reduce the computational and memory bottlenecks of modeling long sequences. However, it is still challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Beidi Chen , Tri Dao , Eric Winsor , Zhao Song , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

Continual learning (CL) empowers AI systems to progressively acquire knowledge from non-stationary data streams. However, catastrophic forgetting remains a critical challenge. In this work, we identify attention drift in Vision Transformers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yue Lu , Xiangyu Zhou , Shizhou Zhang , Yinghui Xing , Guoqiang Liang , Wencong Zhang

The Transformer translation model is based on the multi-head attention mechanism, which can be parallelized easily. The multi-head attention network performs the scaled dot-product attention function in parallel, empowering the model by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Hongfei Xu , Qiuhui Liu , Josef van Genabith , Deyi Xiong

Associative memory models are content-addressable memory systems fundamental to biological intelligence and are notable for their high interpretability. However, existing models evaluate the quality of retrieval based on proximity, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Shurong Wang , Yuqi Pan , Zhuoyang Shen , Meng Zhang , Hongwei Wang , Guoqi Li