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Rectilinear forms of snake-like robotic locomotion are anticipated to be an advantage in obstacle-strewn scenarios characterizing urban disaster zones, subterranean collapses, and other natural environments. The elongated, laterally-narrow…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Alexander H. Chang , Shiyu Feng , Yipu Zhao , Justin S. Smith , Patricio A. Vela

We study the radial part of sub-Riemannian Brownian motion in the context of totally geodesic foliations. It\^o's formula is proved for the radial processes associated to Riemannian distances approximating the Riemannian one. We deduce very…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-10 Fabrice Baudoin , Erlend Grong , Kazumasa Kuwada , Robert Neel , Anton Thalmaier

The purpose of this work is the development of space-time discretization schemes for phase-field optimal control problems. Specifically in the optimal control minimization problem, a tracking-type cost functional is minimized to steer the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-14 Denis Khimin , Marc C. Steinbach , Thomas Wick

In this paper we study the locomotion of a shape-changing body swimming in a two-dimensional perfect fluid of infinite extent. The shape-changes are prescribed as functions of time satisfying constraints ensuring that they result from the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-10-29 Thomas Chambrion , Alexandre Munnier

We study the optimal transport problem in sub-Riemannian manifolds where the cost function is given by the square of the sub-Riemannian distance. Under appropriate assumptions, we generalize Brenier-McCann's Theorem proving existence and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-10-15 Alessio Figalli , Ludovic Rifford

An organism's ability to move freely is a fundamental behaviour in the animal kingdom. To understand animal locomotion requires a characterisation of the material properties, as well as the biomechanics and physiology. We present a…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-02-17 Netta Cohen , Thomas Ranner

In this article, we consider parabolic equations on a bounded open connected subset $\Omega$ of $\R^n$. We model and investigate the problem of optimal shape and location of the observation domain having a prescribed measure. This problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-06-19 Yannick Privat , Emmanuel Trélat , Enrique Zuazua

To begin with, we identify the equations of elastostatics in a Riemannian manifold, which generalize those of classical elasticity in the three-dimensional Euclidean space. Our approach relies on the principle of least energy, which asserts…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-04-14 Nastasia Grubic , Philippe G. LeFloch , Cristinel Mardare

Contact planning is crucial in locomoting systems.Specifically, appropriate contact planning can enable versatile behaviors (e.g., sidewinding in limbless locomotors) and facilitate speed-dependent gait transitions (e.g., walk-trot-gallop…

We consider the classic spring-mass model of running which is built upon an inverted elastic pendulum. In a natural way, there arises an interesting boundary value problem for the governing system of two nonlinear ordinary differential…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-03-07 Łukasz Płociniczak , Zofia Wróblewska

By one of the most fundamental principles in physics, a dynamical system will exhibit those motions which extremise an action functional. This leads to the formation of the Euler-Lagrange equations, which serve as a model of how the system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yana Lishkova , Paul Scherer , Steffen Ridderbusch , Mateja Jamnik , Pietro Liò , Sina Ober-Blöbaum , Christian Offen

Finding the fastest path to a desired destination is a vitally important task for microorganisms moving in a fluid flow. We study this problem by building an analytical formalism for overdamped microswimmers on curved manifolds and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-05-26 Lorenzo Piro , Evelyn Tang , Ramin Golestanian

The slime mould Physarum polycephalum displays adaptive transport dynamics and network formation that have inspired its use as a model of biological computation. We develop a Lagrangian formulation of Physarum's adaptive dynamics on…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-12 Ricard Solé , Jordi Pla-Mauri

This paper presents a convexity analysis for the dynamic snake model based on the Potential Energy functional and the Hamiltonian formulation of the classical mechanics. First we see the snake model as a dynamical system whose singular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gilson Antonio Giraldi , Antonio Alberto Fernandes de Oliveira

We introduce numerical methods for simulating the diffusive motion of rigid bodies of arbitrary shape immersed in a viscous fluid. We parameterize the orientation of the bodies using normalized quaternions, which are numerically robust,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-10-28 Steven Delong , Florencio Balboa Usabiaga , Aleksandar Donev

We address the time- and position-dependent Zermelo navigation problem within the framework of Lorentz-Finsler geometry. Since the initial work of E. Zermelo, the task is to find the time-minimizing trajectory between two regions for a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Steen Markvorsen , Enrique Pendás-Recondo , Frederik Möbius Rygaard

We study continuous-time (variable speed) random walks in random environments on $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d\ge2$, where, at time $t$, the walk at $x$ jumps across edge $(x,y)$ at time-dependent rate $a_t(x,y)$. The rates, which we assume stationary…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-06 Marek Biskup , Pierre-François Rodriguez

We develop a method for optimization in shape spaces, i.e., sets of surfaces modulo re-parametrization. Unlike previously proposed gradient flows, we achieve superlinear convergence rates through a subtle approximation of the shape Hessian,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-04-15 J. Balzer , S. Soatto

This paper presents a bio-inspired central pattern generator (CPG)-type architecture for learning optimal maneuvering control of periodic locomotory gaits. The architecture is presented here with the aid of a snake robot model problem…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-08 Tixian Wang , Amirhossein Taghvaei , Prashant G. Mehta

We overview recent developments in the study of alignment hydrodynamics, driven by a general class of symmetric communication kernels. A main question of interest is to characterize the emergent behavior of such systems, which we quantify…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-02-19 Eitan Tadmor