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We present an efficient algorithm for the least squares parameter fitting optimized for component separation in multi-frequency CMB experiments. We sidestep some of the problems associated with non-linear optimization by taking advantage of…
A new wavefront sensing approach, derived from the successful curvature wavefront sensing concept but using a non-linear phase retrieval wavefront reconstruction scheme, is described. The non-linear curvature wavefront sensor (nlCWFS)…
Photometric instruments operating at far infrared to millimetre wavelengths often have broad spectral passbands (central wavelength/bandwidth ~ 3 or less), especially those operating in space. A broad passband can result in significant…
Flow-based methods have demonstrated promising results in addressing the ill-posed nature of super-resolution (SR) by learning the distribution of high-resolution (HR) images with the normalizing flow. However, these methods can only…
An inverse source reconstruction (ISR) based 3-D near-field (NF) passive radar microwave imaging method utilizing modulated signals is presented. The modulated signals from a non-cooperative transmitter are scattered by the targets of…
Recent advances in inverse problem solving have increasingly adopted flow priors over diffusion models due to their ability to construct straight probability paths from noise to data, thereby enhancing efficiency in both training and…
This paper presents experimental results that allow for the performance evaluation of a straight-line reference alignment system based on pseudo-nondiffracting Layer beams. Sensors, developed specifically for this system, feature four…
We present Pipe3D, an analysis pipeline based on the FIT3D fitting tool, devel- oped to explore the properties of the stellar populations and ionized gas of Integral Field Spectroscopy data. Pipe3D was created to provide with coherent,…
Optical distortions can significantly deteriorate the measurement accuracy in imaging systems. Such distortions can occur at fluctuating phase boundaries as well as multiple-phase flows and result from the accompanied refractive index…
This report examines Charge Transfer Efficiency (CTE) flux losses in the Wide Field Camera 3 UVIS detector aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. Spanning approximately 14 years of observations from October 2009 to February 2024, the study…
The nonlinear curvature wavefront sensor (nlCWFS) uses multiple (typically four) out-of-focus images to reconstruct the phase and amplitude of a propagating light beam. Because these images are located between the pupil and focal planes,…
A new technique for reliably identifying point sources in millimeter/sub-millimeter wavelength maps is presented. This method accounts for the frequency dependence of noise in the Fourier domain as well as non-uniformities in the coverage…
Weak gravitational lensing (WL) is one of the most powerful techniques to learn about the dark sector of the universe. To extract the WL signal from astronomical observations, galaxy shapes must be measured and corrected for the point…
We present an updated calibration of the Swift/UVOT broadband ultraviolet (uvw1, uvm2, and uvw2) filters. The new calibration accounts for the ~1% per year decline in the UVOT sensitivity observed in all filters, and makes use of additional…
We report a newly identified nonlinearity in H4RG-10 near-infrared detectors operating under moderately elevated-temperature conditions (114 K). This component, that potentially arises from illumination-independent defect currents,…
Many real-world 3D reconstruction applications demand photorealism and metric accuracy across unbounded, complex scenes with challenging lighting and imperfect captures that current Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) pipelines only partly…
A systematic and comprehensive framework for finite impulse response (FIR) lowpass/fullband derivative kernels is introduced in this paper. Closed form solutions of a number of derivative filters are obtained using the maximally flat…
Photometric pipelines struggle to estimate both the flux and flux uncertainty for stars in the presence of structured backgrounds such as filaments or clouds. However, it is exactly stars in these complex regions that are critical to…
Diffusion models have shown great promise for image and video generation, but sampling from state-of-the-art models requires expensive numerical integration of a generative ODE. One approach for tackling this problem is rectified flows,…
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful quantitative technique that provides metabolic and molecular contrast, offering strong translational potential for label-free, real-time diagnostics. However, its clinical…