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Preference-based fine-tuning has become an important component in training large language models, and the data used at this stage may contain sensitive user information. A central question is how to design a differentially private pipeline…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-25 Young Hyun Cho , Will Wei Sun

Federated recommendation addresses the data silo and privacy problems altogether for recommender systems. Current federated recommender systems mainly utilize cryptographic or obfuscation methods to protect the original ratings from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Liu Yang , Junxue Zhang , Di Chai , Leye Wang , Kun Guo , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across multiple clients without sharing their private data. However, data heterogeneity across clients leads to client drift, which degrades the overall generalization performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Alina Devkota , Jacob Thrasher , Donald Adjeroh , Binod Bhattarai , Prashnna K. Gyawali

Federated learning (FL) is a collaborative learning paradigm for decentralized private data from mobile terminals (MTs). However, it suffers from issues in terms of communication, resource of MTs, and privacy. Existing privacy-preserving FL…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Yifan Shi , Kang Wei , Li Shen , Jun Li , Xueqian Wang , Bo Yuan , Song Guo

In the era of big data, the need to expand the amount of data through data sharing to improve model performance has become increasingly compelling. As a result, effective collaborative learning models need to be developed with respect to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Huiwen Wu , Cen Chen , Li Wang

Federated recommendation systems employ federated learning techniques to safeguard user privacy by transmitting model parameters instead of raw user data between user devices and the central server. Nevertheless, the current federated…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Sichun Luo , Yuanzhang Xiao , Xinyi Zhang , Yang Liu , Wenbo Ding , Linqi Song

We consider the problem of federated learning (FL) with graph-structured data distributed across multiple clients. In particular, we address the prevalent scenario of interconnected subgraphs, where interconnections between clients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Javad Aliakbari , Johan Östman , Ashkan Panahi , Alexandre Graell i Amat

Federated learning is a privacy-preserving machine learning technique that learns a shared model across decentralized clients. It can alleviate privacy concerns of personal re-identification, an important computer vision task. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Weiming Zhuang , Yonggang Wen , Xuesen Zhang , Xin Gan , Daiying Yin , Dongzhan Zhou , Shuai Zhang , Shuai Yi

In recent years, the financial sector has faced growing pressure to adopt advanced machine learning models to derive valuable insights while preserving data privacy. However, the highly sensitive nature of financial data presents…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Peilin He , Chenkai Lin , Isabella Montoya

Large Language Models (LLMs) have empowered generative recommendation systems through fine-tuning user behavior data. However, utilizing the user data may pose significant privacy risks, potentially leading to ethical dilemmas and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jujia Zhao , Wenjie Wang , Chen Xu , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

The smart grid domain requires bolstering the capabilities of existing energy management systems; Federated Learning (FL) aligns with this goal as it demonstrates a remarkable ability to train models on heterogeneous datasets while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Yunxiang Li , Nicolas Mauricio Cuadrado , Samuel Horváth , Martin Takáč

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the accuracy and credibility of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in Question & Answer tasks. This is achieved by incorporating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Qianren Mao , Qili Zhang , Hanwen Hao , Zhentao Han , Runhua Xu , Weifeng Jiang , Qi Hu , Zhijun Chen , Tyler Zhou , Bo Li , Yangqiu Song , Jin Dong , Jianxin Li , Philip S. Yu

To mitigate privacy leakage and performance issues in personalized advertising, this paper proposes a framework that integrates federated learning and differential privacy. The system combines distributed feature extraction, dynamic privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Xiang Li , Yifan Lin , Yuanzhe Zhang

The surge in interest and application of large language models (LLMs) has sparked a drive to fine-tune these models to suit specific applications, such as finance and medical science. However, concerns regarding data privacy have emerged,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Xiao-Yang Liu , Rongyi Zhu , Daochen Zha , Jiechao Gao , Shan Zhong , Matt White , Meikang Qiu

Although deep learning has revolutionized domains such as natural language processing and computer vision, its dependence on centralized datasets raises serious privacy concerns. Federated learning addresses this issue by enabling multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Andreas Lutz , Gabriele Steidl , Karsten Müller , Wojciech Samek

Group-based reinforcement learning methods, like Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), are widely used nowadays to post-train large language models. Despite their empirical success, they exhibit structural mismatches between reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Aleksandar Fontana , Marco Simoni , Giulio Rossolini , Andrea Saracino , Paolo Mori

Federated learning (FL) has become a key component in various language modeling applications such as machine translation, next-word prediction, and medical record analysis. These applications are trained on datasets from many FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Md Rafi Ur Rashid , Vishnu Asutosh Dasu , Kang Gu , Najrin Sultana , Shagufta Mehnaz

Machine learning models are often trained on sensitive data (e.g., medical records and race/gender) that is distributed across different "silos" (e.g., hospitals). These federated learning models may then be used to make consequential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Devansh Gupta , A. S. Poornash , Andrew Lowy , Meisam Razaviyayn

Traditional retrieval pipelines optimize utility through stages of candidate retrieval and reranking, where ranking operates over a predefined candidate set. Large Language Models (LLMs) broaden this into a generative process: given a…

This paper investigates the role of dimensionality reduction in efficient communication and differential privacy (DP) of the local datasets at the remote users for over-the-air computation (AirComp)-based federated learning (FL) model. More…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Amir Sonee , Stefano Rini , Yu-Chih Huang
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