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Capturing images under extremely low-light conditions poses significant challenges for the standard camera pipeline. Images become too dark and too noisy, which makes traditional enhancement techniques almost impossible to apply. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Ahmet Serdar Karadeniz , Erkut Erdem , Aykut Erdem

Atmospheric lidar observations provide a unique capability to directly observe the vertical column of cloud and aerosol scattering properties. Detector and solar background noise, however, hinder the ability of lidar systems to provide…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-06-21 Willem J. Marais , Robert E. Holz , Yu Hen Hu , Ralph E. Kuehn , Edwin E. Eloranta , Rebecca M. Willett

Image degradation caused by noise and blur remains a persistent challenge in imaging systems, stemming from limitations in both hardware and methodology. Single-image solutions face an inherent tradeoff between noise reduction and motion…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-11 Yuzhi Zhao , Lai-Man Po , Xin Ye , Yongzhe Xu , Qiong Yan

The single-scatter approximation is fundamental in many tomographic imaging problems including x-ray scatter imaging and optical scatter imaging for certain media. In all cases, noisy measurements are affected by both local scatter events…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-21 Michael R. Walker , Joseph A. O'Sullivan

Photonic neural networks (PNNs) are fast in-propagation and high bandwidth paradigms that aim to popularize reproducible NN acceleration with higher efficiency and lower cost. However, the training of PNN is known to be challenging, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Yizhi Wang , Minjia Chen , Chunhui Yao , Jie Ma , Ting Yan , Richard Penty , Qixiang Cheng

Integrated photonic neural networks (PNNs) have demonstrated significant potential to complement the digital electronic counterparts [1-3]. Nevertheless, robust and repeatable performance of scalable integrated PNNs is directly tied to the…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-18 Farshid Ashtiani , Mohamad Hossein Idjadi , Kwangwoong Kim

Medical imaging faces challenges such as limited spatial resolution, interference from electronic noise and poor contrast-to-noise ratios. Photon Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) has emerged as a solution, addressing these issues with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-08 Ana Carolina Alves , André Ferreira , Gijs Luijten , Jens Kleesiek , Behrus Puladi , Jan Egger , Victor Alves

In this paper, we propose a spatiotemporal deep learning network for photon-level Block Compressed Sensing Imaging, aimed to address challenges such as signal loss, artifacts, and noise interference in large-pixel dynamic imaging and…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-14 Changzhi Yu , Shuangping Han , Kai Song , Liantuan Xiao

This paper discusses new methods for processing images in the photon-limited regime where the number of photons per pixel is binary. We present a new Bayesian denoising method for binary, single-photon images. Each pixel measurement is…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-19 Yoann Altmann , Reuben Aspden , Miles Padgett , Steve McLaughlin

Recent years have witnessed the success of deep networks in compressed sensing (CS), which allows for a significant reduction in sampling cost and has gained growing attention since its inception. In this paper, we propose a new practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Bin Chen , Jian Zhang

Anomaly detection in medical images refers to the identification of abnormal images with only normal images in the training set. Most existing methods solve this problem with a self-reconstruction framework, which tends to learn an identity…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-06 Kang Zhou , Jing Li , Weixin Luo , Zhengxin Li , Jianlong Yang , Huazhu Fu , Jun Cheng , Jiang Liu , Shenghua Gao

This paper introduces Progressively Diffused Networks (PDNs) for unifying multi-scale context modeling with deep feature learning, by taking semantic image segmentation as an exemplar application. Prior neural networks, such as ResNet, tend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Ruimao Zhang , Wei Yang , Zhanglin Peng , Xiaogang Wang , Liang Lin

Portrait images typically consist of a salient person against diverse backgrounds. With the development of mobile devices and image processing techniques, users can conveniently capture portrait images anytime and anywhere. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Wei Sun , Weixia Zhang , Yanwei Jiang , Haoning Wu , Zicheng Zhang , Jun Jia , Yingjie Zhou , Zhongpeng Ji , Xiongkuo Min , Weisi Lin , Guangtao Zhai

Images obtained in real-world low-light conditions are not only low in brightness, but they also suffer from many other types of degradation, such as color bias, unknown noise, detail loss and halo artifacts. In this paper, we propose a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-01 Xinxu Wei , Xianshi Zhang , Shisen Wang , Cheng Cheng , Yanlin Huang , Kaifu Yang , Yongjie Li

Recently, a massive number of deep learning based approaches have been successfully applied to various remote sensing image (RSI) recognition tasks. However, most existing advances of deep learning methods in the RSI field heavily rely on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-08 Cheng Peng , Yangyang Li , Ronghua Shang , Licheng Jiao

Accurate lesion segmentation in ultrasound images is essential for preventive screening and clinical diagnosis, yet remains challenging due to low contrast, blurry boundaries, and significant scale variations. Although existing deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chen Wang , Yixin Zhu , Yongbin Zhu , Fengyuan Shi , Qi Li , Jun Wang , Zuozhu Liu , Keli Hu

Object occlusion boundary detection is a fundamental and crucial research problem in computer vision. This is challenging to solve as encountering the extreme boundary/non-boundary class imbalance during training an object occlusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Guoxia Wang , Xiaohui Liang , Frederick W. B. Li

We introduce Back to Basics (BTB), a fast iterative algorithm for noise reduction. Our method is computationally efficient, does not require training or ground truth data, and can be applied in the presence of independent noise, as well as…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-19 Deborah Pereg

Nowadays, the adoption of face recognition for biometric authentication systems is usual, mainly because this is one of the most accessible biometric modalities. Techniques that rely on trespassing these kind of systems by using a forged…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Rodrigo Bresan , Allan Pinto , Anderson Rocha , Carlos Beluzo , Tiago Carvalho

Downsampling is widely adopted to achieve a good trade-off between accuracy and latency for visual recognition. Unfortunately, the commonly used pooling layers are not learned, and thus cannot preserve important information. As another…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Ho Man Kwan , Shenghui Song