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The risk premium of a policy is the sum of the pure premium and the risk loading. In the classification ratemaking process, generalized linear models are usually used to calculate pure premiums, and various premium principles are applied to…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-07 Liang Yang , Zhengxiao Li , Shengwang Meng

We introduce two quantum algorithms to compute the Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) of financial derivatives using quantum computers: the first by applying existing ideas from quantum risk analysis to derivative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 Nikitas Stamatopoulos , B. David Clader , Stefan Woerner , William J. Zeng

This paper gives yet another definition of game-theoretic probability in the context of continuous-time idealized financial markets. Without making any probabilistic assumptions (but assuming positive and continuous price paths), we obtain…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-07-05 Vladimir Vovk , Glenn Shafer

Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) are popular risk measures from academic, industrial and regulatory perspectives. The problem of minimizing CVaR is theoretically known to be of Neyman-Pearson type binary solution. We…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2013-08-19 Jing Li , Mingxin Xu

In this paper we present an algorithm to compute risk averse policies in Markov Decision Processes (MDP) when the total cost criterion is used together with the average value at risk (AVaR) metric. Risk averse policies are needed when large…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-02-17 Stefano Carpin , Yin-Lam Chow , Marco Pavone

Prior work on safe Reinforcement Learning (RL) has studied risk-aversion to randomness in dynamics (aleatory) and to model uncertainty (epistemic) in isolation. We propose and analyze a new framework to jointly model the risk associated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Jia Lin Hau , Marek Petrik , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Reazul Russel

In this work, we address risk-averse Bayes-adaptive reinforcement learning. We pose the problem of optimising the conditional value at risk (CVaR) of the total return in Bayes-adaptive Markov decision processes (MDPs). We show that a policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Marc Rigter , Bruno Lacerda , Nick Hawes

This paper discusses a nonlinear integral equation arising from portfolio selection with a class of time-inconsistent preferences. We propose a unified framework requiring minimal assumptions, such as right-continuity of market coefficients…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-01-20 Zongxia Liang , Sheng Wang , Jianming Xia

Although risk awareness is fundamental to an online operating agent, it has received less attention in the challenging continuous domain and under partial observability. This paper presents a novel formulation and solution for risk-averse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Andrey Zhitnikov , Vadim Indelman

We develop a multi-curve term structure setup in which the modelling ingredients are expressed by rational functionals of Markov processes. We calibrate to LIBOR swaptions data and show that a rational two-factor lognormal multi-curve model…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-02-27 Stephane Crepey , Andrea Macrina , Tuyet Mai Nguyen , David Skovmand

We study a linear-quadratic, optimal control problem on a discrete, finite time horizon with distributional ambiguity, in which the cost is assessed via Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). We take steps toward deriving a scalable dynamic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Margaret P. Chapman , Laurent Lessard

In this paper we address the problem of decision making within a Markov decision process (MDP) framework where risk and modeling errors are taken into account. Our approach is to minimize a risk-sensitive conditional-value-at-risk (CVaR)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-06-09 Yinlam Chow , Aviv Tamar , Shie Mannor , Marco Pavone

This paper considers a newly delayed reinsurance and investment optimization problem incorporating random risk aversion, in which an insurer pursues maximization of the expected certainty equivalent of her/his terminal wealth and the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Jian-hao Kang , Zhun Gou , Nan-jing Huang

There are no computationally feasible algorithms that provide solutions to the finite horizon Risk-sensitive Constrained Markov Decision Process (Risk-CMDP) problem, even for problems with moderate horizon. With an aim to design the same,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-27 Vartika Singh , Veeraruna Kavitha

In this paper, we propose an equilibrium pricing model in a dynamic multi-period stochastic framework with uncertain income streams. In an incomplete market, there exist two traded risky assets (e.g. stock/commodity and weather derivative)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-05-29 Traian A. Pirvu , Huayue Zhang

We combine forward investment performance processes and ambiguity averse portfolio selection. We introduce the notion of robust forward criteria which addresses the issues of ambiguity in model specification and in preferences and…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-11-17 Sigrid Kallblad , Jan Obloj , Thaleia Zariphopoulou

Distributional reinforcement learning (RL) -- in which agents learn about all the possible long-term consequences of their actions, and not just the expected value -- is of great recent interest. One of the most important affordances of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Chris Gagne , Peter Dayan

In order to model risk aversion in reinforcement learning, an emerging line of research adapts familiar algorithms to optimize coherent risk functionals, a class that includes conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). Because optimizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Audrey Huang , Liu Leqi , Zachary C. Lipton , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli

This article presents a generic model for pricing financial derivatives subject to counterparty credit risk. Both unilateral and bilateral types of credit risks are considered. Our study shows that credit risk should be modeled as American…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2018-04-09 David Lee

This paper presents a method for incorporating risk aversion into existing decision tree models used in economic evaluations. The method involves applying a probability weighting function based on rank dependent utility theory to reduced…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-01-24 Jacob Smith