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Related papers: Recent Developments in VQE: Survey and Benchmarkin…

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The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most promising algorithms for low-lying eigenstates calculation on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. Specifically, VQE has achieved great success for ground state…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Hengzhun Chen , Yingzhou Li , Bichen Lu , Jianfeng Lu

Quantum computers have an exponential speed-up advantage over classical computers. One of the most prominent utilities of quantum computers is their ability to study complex quantum systems in various fields using quantum computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-03 Ritu Dhaulakhandi , Bikash K. Behera

Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs) are one of the most important and effective applications of quantum computing, especially in the current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. There are mainly two ways for VQEs:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Xin Wang , Bo Qi , Yabo Wang , Daoyi Dong

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is an algorithm for finding the ground states of a given Hamiltonian. Its application to binary-formulated combinatorial optimization (CO) has been widely studied in recent years. However, typical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Ningyi Xie , Xinwei Lee , Tiejin Chen , Yoshiyuki Saito , Nobuyoshi Asai , Dongsheng Cai

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising candidate for quantum applications on near-term Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. Despite a lot of empirical studies and recent progress in theoretical understanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-26 Xuchen You , Shouvanik Chakrabarti , Xiaodi Wu

Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising algorithm for near-term quantum machines. It can be used to estimate the ground state energy of a molecule by performing separate measurements of $O(N^4)$ terms. Several recent papers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-02 Pranav Gokhale , Frederic T. Chong

Quantum computing is viewed as a promising technology because of its potential for polynomial growth in complexity, in contrast to the exponential growth observed in its classical counterparts. In the current Noisy Intermediate-Scale…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Maitreyee Sarkar , Lisa Roy , Akash Gutal , Atul Kumar , Manikandan Paranjothy

Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms have been proposed as a potentially viable application of quantum computers. A particular example - the variational quantum eigensolver, or VQE - is designed to determine a global minimum in an energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Alexey Uvarov , Jacob Biamonte , Dmitry Yudin

We propose a modification of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver algorithm for electronic structure optimization using quantum computers, named non-unitary Variational Quantum Eigensolver (nu-VQE), in which a non-unitary operator is…

The number of measurements demanded by hybrid quantum-classical algorithms such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is prohibitively high for many problems of practical value. For such problems, realizing quantum advantage will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Guoming Wang , Dax Enshan Koh , Peter D. Johnson , Yudong Cao

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most appealing quantum algorithms to simulate electronic structure properties of molecules on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. In this work, we generalize the VQE…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-09 Jie Liu , Lingyun Wan , Zhenyu Li , Jinlong Yang

Non-Hermitian operators naturally arise in the description of open quantum systems, which exhibit features such as resonances and decay processes, where the associated eigenvalues are complex. Standard quantum algorithms, including the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 Durgesh Pandey , Ankit Kumar Das , P. Arumugam

Extracting eigenvalues and eigenvectors of exponentially large matrices will be an important application of near-term quantum computers. The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) treats the case when the matrix is a Hamiltonian. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-28 M. Cerezo , Kunal Sharma , Andrew Arrasmith , Patrick J. Coles

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have emerged in recent years as a promise to obtain quantum advantage. These task-oriented algorithms work in a hybrid loop combining a quantum processor and classical optimization. Using a specific…

Variational Quantum Eigensolvers (VQEs) are a leading class of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) algorithms, whose performance is highly sensitive to parameter initialization. Although recent machine learning-based initialization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chi Zhang , Mengxin Zheng , Qian Lou , Hui Min Leung , Fan Chen

Quantum chemistry is one of the most promising applications of quantum computers in the near future. For noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, the quantum-classical hybrid framework based on the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) has…

Quantum mechanics has introduced a new theoretical framework for the study of molecules, enabling the prediction of properties and dynamics through the solution of the Schr\"odinger equation applied to these systems. However, solving this…

The contextual subspace variational quantum eigensolver (CS-VQE) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm that approximates the ground-state energy of a given qubit Hamiltonian. It achieves this by separating the Hamiltonian into contextual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Alexis Ralli , Tim Weaving , Andrew Tranter , William M. Kirby , Peter J. Love , Peter V. Coveney

Quantum Chemistry (QC) is one of the most promising applications of Quantum Computing. However, present quantum processing units (QPUs) are still subject to large errors. Therefore, noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Mohammad Haidar , Marko J. Rančić , Thomas Ayral , Yvon Maday , Jean-Philip Piquemal

The problem of finding the ground state energy of a Hamiltonian using a quantum computer is currently solved using either the quantum phase estimation (QPE) or variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithms. For precision $\epsilon$, QPE…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-16 Daochen Wang , Oscar Higgott , Stephen Brierley