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Generative AI tools, such as AI-generated hints, are increasingly integrated into programming education to offer timely, personalized support. However, little is known about how to effectively leverage these hints while ensuring autonomous…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Heeryung Choi , Tung Phung , Mengyan Wu , Adish Singla , Christopher Brooks

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) over the last decade demonstrate that machines can exhibit communicative behavior and influence how humans think, feel, and behave. In fact, the recent development of ChatGPT has shown that large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Sue Lim , Ralf Schmälzle

As algorithmic tools increasingly aid experts in making consequential decisions, the need to understand the precise factors that mediate their influence has grown commensurately. In this paper, we present a crowdsourcing vignette study…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Riccardo Fogliato , Sina Fazelpour , Shantanu Gupta , Zachary Lipton , David Danks

The progress in generative AI has fueled AI-powered tools like co-pilots and assistants to provision better guidance, particularly during data analysis. However, research on guidance has not yet examined the perceived efficacy of the source…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Arpit Narechania , Alex Endert , Atanu R Sinha

Artificial intelligence (AI) tutors have become increasingly popular in learning environments. In this study, we propose an AI agent prototype framework for exploring AI-assisted learning with temporal interaction patterns, multiple…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yiyao Yang , Yasemin Gulbahar

Despite the widespread availability of large language models (LLMs) in higher education, instructors vary substantially in their adoption and use of these tools, and the reasons for this variation remain poorly understood. A mixed-methods…

Effective feedback is essential for fostering students' success in scientific inquiry. With advancements in artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) offer new possibilities for delivering instant and adaptive feedback. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kathrin Seßler , Arne Bewersdorff , Claudia Nerdel , Enkelejda Kasneci

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback has recently achieved significant success in various fields, and its performance is highly related to feedback quality. While much prior work acknowledged that human teachers' characteristics would…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Qidi Fang , Hang Yu , Shijie Fang , Jindan Huang , Qiuyu Chen , Reuben M. Aronson , Elaine S. Short

As AI increasingly enters the classroom, what changes when students collaborate with algorithms instead of peers? We analyzed 36 undergraduate students learning graph theory through peer collaboration (n=24) or AI assistance (n=12), using…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Caitlin Morris , Pattie Maes

As generative AI becomes increasingly integrated into higher education, understanding how students engage with these technologies is essential for responsible adoption. This study evaluates the Educational AI Hub, an AI-powered learning…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Ramteja Sajja , Yusuf Sermet , Brian Fodale , Ibrahim Demir

As generative AI systems are integrated into educational settings, students often encounter AI-generated output while working through learning tasks, either by requesting help or through integrated tools. Trust in AI can influence how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Griffin Pitts , Neha Rani , Weedguet Mildort

Feedback is a critical component of the learning process, particularly in computer science education. This study investigates the quality of feedback generated by Large Language Models (LLMs), Small Language Models (SLMs), compared with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Suqing Liu , Bogdan Simion , Christopher Eaton , Michael Liut

Feedback from artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly easy to access and research has already established that people learn from it. But individuals choose when and how to seek such feedback, and more engaged and motivated individuals…

General Economics · Economics 2026-04-22 Christoph Riedl , Eric Bogert

Artificial intelligence systems increasingly generate text intended to provide social and emotional support. Understanding how users perceive empathic qualities in such content is therefore critical. We examined differences in perceived…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Jonas Festor , Ivo Snels , Bennett Kleinberg

In decision support applications of AI, the AI algorithm's output is framed as a suggestion to a human user. The user may ignore this advice or take it into consideration to modify their decision. With the increasing prevalence of such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Kailas Vodrahalli , Roxana Daneshjou , Tobias Gerstenberg , James Zou

Confusing or otherwise unhelpful learner feedback creates or perpetuates erroneous beliefs that the teacher and learner have of each other, thereby increasing the cognitive burden placed upon the human teacher. For example, the robot's…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Patrick Callaghan , Reid Simmons , Henny Admoni

AI-assisted development tools promise productivity gains and improved code quality, yet their adoption among developers remains inconsistent. Prior research suggests that professional expertise influences technology adoption, but its role…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ilya Zakharov , Ekaterina Koshchenko , Agnia Sergeyuk

Feedback is one of the most crucial components to facilitate effective learning. With the rise of large language models (LLMs) in recent years, research in programming education has increasingly focused on automated feedback generation to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Niklas Scholz , Manh Hung Nguyen , Adish Singla , Tomohiro Nagashima

This project examines the prospect of using AI-generated feedback as suggestions to expedite and enhance human instructors' feedback provision. In particular, we focus on understanding the teaching assistants' perspectives on the quality of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xinyi Lu , Aditya Mahesh , Zejia Shen , Mitchell Dudley , Larissa Sano , Xu Wang

Data storytelling workflows ask learners to integrate analytical, design, and narrative skills, but instructors rarely have the capacity to provide detailed feedback at each step. Computational and AI-assisted storytelling offers…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jennifer Posada , Taha Hassan , Lujie Karen Chen , Louise Yarnall , Jiaqi Gong