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As a specific domain of subjective well-being, travel satisfaction has recently attracted much research attention. Previous studies primarily relied on statistical models and, more recently, machine learning models to explore its…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Pengfei Xu , Donggen Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes decision-making settings such as legal reasoning, where consistency under factually equivalent inputs is critical. However, we find that fact-preserved but differently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Seojin Hwang , Minju Kim , Junhyuk Choi , JeongHyun Park , Hwanhee Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been positioned as having the potential to expand access to health information in the Global South, yet their evaluation remains heavily dependent on benchmarks designed around Western norms. We present…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sumon Kanti Dey , Manvi S , Zeel Mehta , Meet Shah , Unnati Agrawal , Suhani Jalota , Azra Ismail

With the profound development of large language models(LLMs), their safety concerns have garnered increasing attention. However, there is a scarcity of Chinese safety benchmarks for LLMs, and the existing safety taxonomies are inadequate,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Wenjing Zhang , Xuejiao Lei , Zhaoxiang Liu , Meijuan An , Bikun Yang , KaiKai Zhao , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate as autonomous agents that reason over external APIs to perform complex tasks. However, their reliability and agreement remain poorly characterized. We present a unified benchmarking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Eyhab Al-Masri

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant advances in natural language processing, but their underlying mechanisms are often misunderstood. Despite exhibiting coherent answers and apparent reasoning behaviors, LLMs rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Bo Zhou , Daniel Geißler , Paul Lukowicz

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), increasing attention has been paid to their safety concerns. Consequently, evaluating the safety of LLMs has become an essential task for facilitating the broad applications of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zhexin Zhang , Leqi Lei , Lindong Wu , Rui Sun , Yongkang Huang , Chong Long , Xiao Liu , Xuanyu Lei , Jie Tang , Minlie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong mathematical problem-solving abilities but frequently fail on problems that deviate syntactically from their training distribution. We identify a systematic failure mode, syntactic blind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Dane Williamson , Yangfeng Ji , Matthew Dwyer

Despite the fact that large language models (LLMs) show exceptional skill in instruction following tasks, this strength can turn into a vulnerability when the models are required to disregard certain instructions. Instruction-following…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yerin Hwang , Yongil Kim , Jahyun Koo , Taegwan Kang , Hyunkyung Bae , Kyomin Jung

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for understanding their capabilities and limitations across various applications, including natural language processing and code generation. Existing benchmarks like MMLU, C-Eval, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Pengfei Jing , Mengyun Tang , Xiaorong Shi , Xing Zheng , Sen Nie , Shi Wu , Yong Yang , Xiapu Luo

Evaluating alignment in language models requires testing how they behave under realistic pressure, not just what they claim they would do. While alignment failures increasingly cause real-world harm, comprehensive evaluation frameworks with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Nora Petrova , John Burden

Large language models~(LLMs) are expected to be helpful, harmless, and honest. In different alignment scenarios, such as safety, confidence, and general preference alignment, binary preference data collection and reward modeling are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shuai Zhao , Yunqiu Xu , Linchao Zhu , Yi Yang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) face safety misalignment, where visual inputs enable harmful outputs. To address this, existing methods require explicit safety labels or contrastive data; yet, threat-related concepts are concrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Qishun Yang , Shu Yang , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

Benchmarks underpin how progress in large language models (LLMs) is measured and trusted. Yet our analyses reveal that apparent convergence in benchmark accuracy can conceal deep epistemic divergence. Using two major reasoning benchmarks -…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Eddie Yang , Dashun Wang

In this paper, we present a challenging code reasoning task: vulnerability detection. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in natural-language and math reasoning, but state-of-the-art (SOTA) models reported only 54.5%…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Benjamin Steenhoek , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Monoshi Kumar Roy , Mirza Sanjida Alam , Hengbo Tong , Swarna Das , Earl T. Barr , Wei Le

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable progress, but their real-world application necessitates reliable calibration. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of calibration degradation of LLMs across four dimensions: models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Hongseok Oh , Wonseok Hwang

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) in applications targeting children and adolescents necessitates a fundamental reassessment of prevailing AI safety frameworks, which are largely tailored to adult users and neglect the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Wenpeng Xing , Lanyi Wei , Haixiao Hu , Jingyi Yu , Rongchang Li , Mohan Li , Changting Lin , Meng Han

Recent development of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) has attracted growing attention within the AI landscape for its practical implementation potential. However, ``hallucination'', or more specifically, the misalignment between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Hanchao Liu , Wenyuan Xue , Yifei Chen , Dapeng Chen , Xiutian Zhao , Ke Wang , Liping Hou , Rongjun Li , Wei Peng

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuxin Jiang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown that they can answer questions requiring complex reasoning. However, their ability to identify and respond to text containing logical fallacies or deliberately misleading premises…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Zenan Zhai , Hao Li , Xudong Han , Zhenxuan Zhang , Yixuan Zhang , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li