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The impact of frontier AI (i.e., AI agents and foundation models) in cybersecurity is rapidly increasing. In this paper, we comprehensively analyze this trend through multiple aspects: quantitative benchmarks, qualitative literature review,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yujin Potter , Wenbo Guo , Zhun Wang , Tianneng Shi , Hongwei Li , Andy Zhang , Patrick Gage Kelley , Kurt Thomas , Dawn Song

An Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent is a software entity that autonomously performs tasks or makes decisions based on pre-defined objectives and data inputs. AI agents, capable of perceiving user inputs, reasoning and planning tasks, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zehang Deng , Yongjian Guo , Changzhou Han , Wanlun Ma , Junwu Xiong , Sheng Wen , Yang Xiang

Ensuring that AI systems reliably and robustly avoid harmful or dangerous behaviours is a crucial challenge, especially for AI systems with a high degree of autonomy and general intelligence, or systems used in safety-critical contexts. In…

Agentic AI systems introduce a security surface that is qualitatively different from that of stateless LLMs. They persist memory, invoke external tools, coordinate with peer agents, and operate across sessions, allowing attacks to emerge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Kexin Chu

Current AI agent frameworks commit early to a single interaction protocol, a fixed tool integration strategy, and static user models, limiting their deployment across diverse interaction paradigms. To address these constraints, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Alfred Shen , Aaron Shen

Building on the conceptual framework presented in our previous work on agentic AI for pharmaceutical research, this paper provides a comprehensive technical analysis of Tippy's multi-agent system implementation for drug discovery laboratory…

European financial institutions face mounting regulatory pressure while their security operations centres remain constrained not by data or staffing but by reasoning capacity: enterprise SIEMs cover only a fraction of MITRE ATT&CK…

Large Language Models (LLMs) & Generative AI are transforming cybersecurity, enabling both advanced defenses and new attacks. Organizations now use LLMs for threat detection, code review, and DevSecOps automation, while adversaries leverage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kiarash Ahi , Vaibhav Agrawal , Saeed Valizadeh

Rapidly evolving AI exhibits increasingly strong autonomy and goal-directed capabilities, accompanied by derivative systemic risks that are more unpredictable, difficult to control, and potentially irreversible. However, current AI safety…

Cybersecurity demands both rapid pattern recognition and deliberative reasoning, yet purely neural or purely symbolic approaches each address only one side of this duality. Neuro-Symbolic (NeSy) AI bridges this gap by integrating learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Safayat Bin Hakim , Muhammad Adil , Alvaro Velasquez , Shouhuai Xu , Houbing Herbert Song

Resilience describes a system's ability to function under disturbances and threats. Many critical infrastructures, including smart grids and transportation networks, are large-scale complex systems consisting of many interdependent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-11 Yuhan Zhao , Craig Rieger , Quanyan Zhu

This paper explores the rapidly evolving ecosystem of publicly available AI models, and their potential implications on the security and safety landscape. As AI models become increasingly prevalent, understanding their potential risks and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Huzaifa Sidhpurwala , Garth Mollett , Emily Fox , Mark Bestavros , Huamin Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities surpassing conventional NLP challenges, creating opportunities for use in production use cases. Towards this goal, there is a notable shift to building compound AI systems,…

Enterprise AI deploys dozens of autonomous agent nodes across workflows, each acting on the same entities with no shared memory and no common governance. We identify five structural challenges arising from this memory governance gap: memory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Hamed Taheri

The rise of generative AI (GenAI) multi-agent systems (MAS) necessitates standardized protocols enabling agents to discover and interact with external tools. However, these protocols introduce new security challenges, particularly; tool…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Vineeth Sai Narajala , Ken Huang , Idan Habler

Neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence (NSAI) represents a transformative approach in artificial intelligence (AI) by combining deep learning's ability to handle large-scale and unstructured data with the structured reasoning of symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Oualid Bougzime , Samir Jabbar , Christophe Cruz , Frédéric Demoly

The rise of AI has transformed the software and hardware landscape, enabling powerful capabilities through specialized infrastructures, large-scale data storage, and advanced hardware. However, these innovations introduce unique attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Michael R Smith , Joe Ingram

AI agents are increasingly autonomous in their interactions with human users and tools, leading to increased interactional safety risks. We present HAICOSYSTEM, a framework examining AI agent safety within diverse and complex social…

Modern security environments generate fragmented signals across cloud resources, identities, configurations, and third-party security tools. Although AI-native security assistants improve access to this data, they remain largely reactive:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Gal Engelberg , Leon Goldberg , Konstantin Koutsyi , Boris Plotnikov , Tiltan Gilat , Ben Benhemo

Agentic AI systems -- Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with planning, tool use, memory, and long-horizon interactions -- can execute complex tasks autonomously, but their multi-step trajectories introduce new failure modes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinhu Qi , Muzhi Li , Jiahong Liu , Yuqin Shu , Dianzhi Yu , Shicheng Ma , Wenqian Cui , Yiyang Zhao , Yiyi Chen , Ruoxi Jiang , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu
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