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Multi-frame video enhancement tasks aim to improve the spatial and temporal resolution and quality of video sequences by leveraging temporal information from multiple frames, which are widely used in streaming video processing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 ZhanFeng Feng , Long Peng , Xin Di , Yong Guo , Wenbo Li , Yulun Zhang , Renjing Pei , Yang Wang , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Improving the controllability, portability, and inference speed of diffusion language models (DLMs) is a key challenge in natural language generation. While recent research has shown significant success in complex text generation with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Cheng Kang , Xinye Chen , Yong Hu , Daniel Novak

Key-value~(KV) caching is an important technique to accelerate the inference of large language models~(LLMs), but incurs significant memory overhead. To compress the size of KV cache, existing methods often compromise precision or require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Peiyu Liu , Ze-Feng Gao , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yipeng Ma , Tao Wang , Ji-Rong Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively researched and used in both academia and industry since the rise in popularity of the Transformer model, which demonstrates excellent performance in AI. However, the computational demands…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiedong Lang , Zhehao Guo , Shuyu Huang

Quantization can accelerate large language model (LLM) inference. Going beyond INT8 quantization, the research community is actively exploring even lower precision, such as INT4. Nonetheless, state-of-the-art INT4 quantization techniques…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yujun Lin , Haotian Tang , Shang Yang , Zhekai Zhang , Guangxuan Xiao , Chuang Gan , Song Han

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in cross-modal understanding, but remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks through visual inputs despite robust textual safety mechanisms. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Yige Li , Jun Sun

The emergence of LLMs has ignited a fresh surge of breakthroughs in NLP applications, particularly in domains such as question-answering systems and text generation. As the need for longer context grows, a significant bottleneck in model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Shichen Dong , Wen Cheng , Jiayu Qin , Wei Wang

Large language models~(LLMs) have recently demonstrated promising performance in many tasks. However, the high storage and computational cost of LLMs has become a challenge for deploying LLMs. Weight quantization has been widely used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Wen-Pu Cai , Ming-Yang Li , Wu-Jun Li

In this paper we introduce learnable lattice vector quantization and demonstrate its effectiveness for learning discrete representations. Our method, termed LL-VQ-VAE, replaces the vector quantization layer in VQ-VAE with lattice-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Ahmed Khalil , Robert Piechocki , Raul Santos-Rodriguez

Rotations have become essential to state-of-the-art quantization pipelines for large language models (LLMs) by effectively smoothing outliers in weights and activations. However, further optimizing the rotation parameters offers only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Liulu He , Shenli Zheng , Karwei Sun , Yijiang Liu , Yufei Zhao , Chongkang Tan , Huanrui Yang , Yuan Du , Li Du

The matrix quantization entails representing matrix elements in a more space-efficient form to reduce storage usage, with dequantization restoring the original matrix for use. We formulate the Quantization Error Minimization (QEM) problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Yanshu Wang , Wang Li , Zhaoqian Yao , Tong Yang

The Key-Value (KV) cache introduces substantial memory overhead during large language model (LLM) inference. Although existing vector quantization (VQ) methods reduce KV cache usage and provide flexible representational capacity across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Dingyu Yao , Chenxu Yang , Zhengyang Tong , Zheng Lin , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Weiping Wang

The advent of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models represents a significant leap for embodied intelligence, yet their immense computational demands critically hinder deployment on resource-constrained robotic platforms. Intuitively, low-bit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yuhao Xu , Yantai Yang , Zhenyang Fan , Yufan Liu , Yuming Li , Bing Li , Zhipeng Zhang

Recent large vision-language models (LVLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in processing extended multi-modal sequences, yet the resulting key-value (KV) cache expansion creates a critical memory bottleneck that fundamentally limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Xuyang Liu , Xiyan Gui , Yuchao Zhang , Linfeng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) rely on key-value (KV) caches for efficient autoregressive decoding; however, cache size grows linearly with context length and model depth, becoming a major bottleneck in long-context inference. Prior KV cache…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Dmitry Akulov , Mohamed Sana , Antonio De Domenico , Tareq Si Salem , Nicola Piovesan , Fadhel Ayed

We present Bayesian Mixture of Experts (Bayesian-MoE), a post-hoc uncertainty estimation framework for fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) based on Mixture-of-Experts architectures. Our method applies a structured Laplace approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Maryam Dialameh , Hossein Rajabzadeh , Weiwei Zhang , Walid Ahmed , Hyock Ju Kwon

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance across various language tasks but pose challenges for practical deployment due to their substantial memory requirements. Furthermore, the latest generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Young Jin Kim , Rawn Henry , Raffy Fahim , Hany Hassan Awadalla

Accurate and well-calibrated Machine Learning (ML) models are mandatory in high-stakes settings, yet effective multiclass calibration remains challenging: global approaches assume calibration errors are homogeneous across the latent space,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Cesare Barbera , Lorenzo Perini , Giovanni De Toni , Andrea Passerini , Andrea Pugnana

Deploying Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on edge devices is challenged by resource constraints and performance degradation under distribution shifts. While test-time adaptation (TTA) can counteract such shifts, existing methods are too…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Xin Wang , Hong Jia , Hualin Zhou , Sheng Guang Wang , Yu Zhang , Ting Dang , Tao Gu

Large language models (LLMs) demand extensive memory capacity during both fine-tuning and inference. To enable memory-efficient fine-tuning, existing methods apply block-wise quantization techniques, such as NF4 and AF4, to the network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Patrick Blumenberg , Thomas Graave , Tim Fingscheidt
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