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In our era of widespread false information, human fact-checkers often face the challenge of duplicating efforts when verifying claims that may have already been addressed in other countries or languages. As false information transcends…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ivan Vykopal , Matúš Pikuliak , Simon Ostermann , Tatiana Anikina , Michal Gregor , Marián Šimko

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) represent human-crafted factual knowledge in the form of triplets (head, relation, tail), which collectively form a graph. Question Answering over KGs (KGQA) is the task of answering natural questions grounding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Costas Mavromatis , George Karypis

We present LinkQ, a system that leverages a large language model (LLM) to facilitate knowledge graph (KG) query construction through natural language question-answering. Traditional approaches often require detailed knowledge of a graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Harry Li , Gabriel Appleby , Ashley Suh

Integrating structured knowledge from Knowledge Graphs (KGs) into Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a key challenge for symbolic reasoning. Existing methods mainly rely on prompt engineering or fine-tuning, which lose structural fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Erica Coppolillo

To address the issues of insufficient knowledge and hallucination in Large Language Models (LLMs), numerous studies have explored integrating LLMs with Knowledge Graphs (KGs). However, these methods are typically evaluated on conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yao Xu , Shizhu He , Jiabei Chen , Zihao Wang , Yangqiu Song , Hanghang Tong , Guang Liu , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

To inhibit the spread of rumorous information and its severe consequences, traditional fact checking aims at retrieving relevant evidence to verify the veracity of a given claim. Fact checking methods typically use knowledge graphs (KGs) as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Shuai Wang , Penghui Wei , Qingchao Kong , Wenji Mao

The performance of applications, such as personal assistants and search engines, relies on high-quality knowledge bases, a.k.a. Knowledge Graphs (KGs). To ensure their quality one important task is knowledge validation, which measures the…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Elwin Huaman , Amar Tauqeer , Anna Fensel

One challenge in fact checking is the ability to improve the transparency of the decision. We present a fact checking method that uses reference information in knowledge graphs (KGs) to assess claims and explain its decisions. KGs contain a…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Naser Ahmadi , Joohyung Lee , Paolo Papotti , Mohammed Saeed

Large language models (LLMs), especially when instruction-tuned for chat, have become part of our daily lives, freeing people from the process of searching, extracting, and integrating information from multiple sources by offering a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yuxia Wang , Minghan Wang , Muhammad Arslan Manzoor , Fei Liu , Georgi Georgiev , Rocktim Jyoti Das , Preslav Nakov

The increased use of large language models (LLMs) across a variety of real-world applications calls for mechanisms to verify the factual accuracy of their outputs. Difficulties lie in assessing the factuality of free-form responses in open…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Yuxia Wang , Minghan Wang , Hasan Iqbal , Georgi Georgiev , Jiahui Geng , Preslav Nakov

In real-world scenarios, most of the data obtained from the information retrieval (IR) system is unstructured. Converting natural language sentences into structured Knowledge Graphs (KGs) remains a critical challenge. We identified three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Haoyu Huang , Chong Chen , Zeang Sheng , Yang Li , Wentao Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently generate hallucinated content, posing significant challenges for applications where factuality is crucial. While existing hallucination detection methods typically operate at the sentence level or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Albert Sawczyn , Jakub Binkowski , Denis Janiak , Bogdan Gabrys , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being adopted at an unprecedented rate, yet still face challenges in knowledge-intensive domains like biomedicine. Solutions such as pre-training and domain-specific fine-tuning add substantial computational…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in a multitude of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, they encounter challenges in practical applications, including issues with hallucinations, inadequate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Yihao Li , Ru Zhang , Jianyi Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in a range of natural language processing tasks. Once deployed, LLMs encounter users with personalized factual knowledge, and such personalized knowledge is consistently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jingwei Sun , Zhixu Du , Yiran Chen

Problem-solving has been a fundamental driver of human progress in numerous domains. With advancements in artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools capable of tackling complex problems across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Da Zheng , Lun Du , Junwei Su , Yuchen Tian , Yuqi Zhu , Jintian Zhang , Lanning Wei , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

Answering complex real-world questions in the medical domain often requires accurate retrieval from medical Textual Knowledge Graphs (medical TKGs), as the relational path information from TKGs could enhance the inference ability of Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiatan Huang , Mingchen Li , Zonghai Yao , Dawei Li , Yuxin Zhang , Zhichao Yang , Yongkang Xiao , Feiyun Ouyang , Xiaohan Li , Shuo Han , Hong Yu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) carry the potential to support humans in processing vast amounts of information. While MLLMs are already being used as a fact-checking tool, their abilities and limitations in this regard are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Jiahui Geng , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Preslav Nakov , Iryna Gurevych

The preservation of intangible cultural heritage is a critical challenge as collective memory fades over time. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising avenue for generating engaging narratives, their propensity for factual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Naga Sowjanya Barla , Jacopo de Berardinis

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) aims to predict missing facts in knowledge graphs (KGs), which is crucial as modern KGs remain largely incomplete. While training KGC models on multiple aligned KGs can improve performance, previous methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Wei Tang , Zhiqian Wu , Yixin Cao , Yong Liao , Pengyuan Zhou