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We study information retrieval from evaporating black holes, assuming that the internal dynamics of a black hole is unitary and rapidly mixing, and assuming that the retriever has unlimited control over the emitted Hawking radiation. If the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-04-03 Patrick Hayden , John Preskill

A unitary effective field model of the black hole evaporation is proposed to satisfy almost the four postulates of the black hole complementarity (BHC). In this model, we enlarge a black hole-scalar field system by adding an extra radiation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-12-17 Yu-Lei Feng , Yi-Xin Chen

We revisit Hawking's black hole radiation derivation, including the quantum state of the initial matter forming the black hole. We investigate how non-vacuum initial quantum states, at the past of a black hole geometry, influence the black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-28 Ali Akil , Riccardo Falcone , Nicetu Tibau Vidal , Giulio Chiribella

In General Relativity black hole evaporation leads to sudden bursts of energy and loss of information. It can be argued that these phenomena happen in the final stages of evaporation, where the semiclassical approximation needs to be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-26 Alfio Bonanno , Samuele Silveravalle

We construct a model that describes the quantum black hole evaporation unitarily in a Hilbert space of infinite dimension. This construction generalizes Page's finite dimensional approach to infinite dimensions. The basic ingredient is the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-15 Cesar Gomez

A theory of quantum gravity is expected to change profoundly our understanding of black holes. Quantum theory has already shown, as a first approximation, that a black hole slowly evaporates. Non-perturbative quantum gravity also predicts…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-04 Pierre Martin-Dussaud

These lecture notes are an elementary and pedagogical introduction to the black hole evaporation, based on a lecture given by the author at the Ninth Modave Summer School in Mathematical Physics and are intended for PhD students. First,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-17 Pierre-Henry Lambert

The problem of information loss is considered under the assumption that the process of black hole evaporation terminates in the decay of the black hole interior into a baby universe. We show that such theories can be decomposed into…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-17 Joseph Polchinski , Andrew Strominger

A quantum mechanical description of black hole states proposed recently within non-perturbative quantum gravity is used to study the emission and absorption spectra of quantum black holes. We assume that the probability distribution of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Kirill Krasnov

A candidate parameterization is introduced, in an effective field theory framework, for the quantum information transfer from a black hole that is necessary to restore unitarity. This in particular allows description of the effects of this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-10-18 Steven B. Giddings

We discuss an evaporation of (2+1)-dimensional black hole by using quantum gravity holding in the vicinity of the black hole horizon. It is shown that the black hole evaporates at a definite rate by emitting matters through the quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Ichiro Oda

Transfer of quantum information from the interior of a black hole to its atmosphere is described, in models based on effective field theory. This description illustrates that such transfer need not be violent to the semiclassical geometry…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-07-02 Steven B. Giddings , Yinbo Shi

It is usually stated that the information storing region associated with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is enclosed by a sphere of diameter equal twice the Schwarzschild radius. We point out that this cannot apply to a quantum black hole.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-26 Abram Akal

Motivated by the parallelism existing between the puzzles of classical physics at the beginning of the XXth century and the current paradoxes in the search of a quantum theory of gravity, we give, in analogy with Planck's black body…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 A. Fabbri , D. J. Navarro , J. Navarro-Salas

We consider black-hole evaporation from a hidden-variables perspective. It is suggested that Hawking information loss, associated with the transition from a pure to a mixed quantum state, is compensated for by the creation of deviations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Antony Valentini

One of von Neumann's motivations for developing the theory of operator algebras and his and Murray's 1936 classification of factors was the question of possible decompositions of quantum systems into independent parts. For quantum systems…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jakob Yngvason

The central question in this article is how information does leak out from black holes. Relying on algebraic arguments and the concept of superselection sectors, we propose the existence of certain operators whose correlations extend across…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-23 Abram Akal

We propose a new method to account for quantum-gravitational effects in cosmological and black hole spacetimes. At the core of our construction is the "decoupling mechanism": when a physical infrared scale overcomes the effect of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-24 Johanna N. Borissova , Alessia Platania

Based on negative entropy in entanglement, it is shown that a single-system Copenhagen measurement protocol is equivalent to the two-system von Neumann scheme with the memory filling up the system with negative information similar to the…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Daegene Song

Hawking's black hole information puzzle highlights the incompatibility between our present understanding of gravity and quantum physics. However, Hawking's prediction of black-hole evaporation is at a semiclassical level. One therefore…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Shahar Hod