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Large language models have shown impressive results for multi-hop mathematical reasoning when the input question is only textual. Many mathematical reasoning problems, however, contain both text and image. With the ever-increasing adoption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Mehran Kazemi , Hamidreza Alvari , Ankit Anand , Jialin Wu , Xi Chen , Radu Soricut

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel at tasks requiring joint understanding of visual and linguistic information. A particularly promising yet under-explored application for these models lies in answering questions based on various kinds of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Srija Mukhopadhyay , Abhishek Rajgaria , Prerana Khatiwada , Vivek Gupta , Dan Roth

Benchmarking spatial reasoning in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has attracted growing interest in computer vision due to its importance for embodied AI and other agentic systems that require precise interaction with the physical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Zelin Xu , Yupu Zhang , Saugat Adhikari , Saiful Islam , Tingsong Xiao , Zibo Liu , Shigang Chen , Da Yan , Zhe Jiang

The remarkable progress of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has garnered unparalleled attention, due to their superior performance in visual contexts. However, their capabilities in visual math problem-solving remain insufficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Renrui Zhang , Dongzhi Jiang , Yichi Zhang , Haokun Lin , Ziyu Guo , Pengshuo Qiu , Aojun Zhou , Pan Lu , Kai-Wei Chang , Peng Gao , Hongsheng Li

With the rapid progress of Multimodal LLMs, evaluating their mathematical reasoning capabilities has become an increasingly important research direction. In particular, visual-textual mathematical reasoning serves as a key indicator of an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hao Liang , Linzhuang Sun , Minxuan Zhou , Zirong Chen , Meiyi Qiang , Mingan Lin , Tianpeng Li , Fan Yang , Zenan Zhou , Wentao Zhang

Vision-language models (VLMs) have advanced rapidly, yet their capacity for image-grounded geolocation in open-world conditions, a task that is challenging and of demand in real life, has not been comprehensively evaluated. We present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zhaofang Qian , Hardy Chen , Zeyu Wang , Li Zhang , Zijun Wang , Xiaoke Huang , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Zeyu Zheng , Haoqin Tu , Cihang Xie , Yuyin Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in applications that interact with the physical world, such as navigation, robotics, or mapping, making robust geospatial reasoning a critical capability. Despite that, LLMs' ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Thinh Hung Truong , Jey Han Lau , Jianzhong Qi

Evaluating the symbolic reasoning of large language models (LLMs) calls for geometry benchmarks that require multi-step proofs grounded in both text and diagrams. However, existing benchmarks are often limited in scale and rarely provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yushun Zhang , Weiping Fu , Zesheng Yang , Bo Zhao , Lingling Zhang , Jian Zhang , Yumeng Fu , Jiaxing Huang , Jun Liu

Top-view perspective denotes a typical way in which humans read and reason over different types of maps, and it is vital for localization and navigation of humans as well as of `non-human' agents, such as the ones backed by large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Chengzu Li , Caiqi Zhang , Han Zhou , Nigel Collier , Anna Korhonen , Ivan Vulić

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated powerful capabilities in general spatial understanding and reasoning. However, their fine-grained spatial understanding and reasoning capabilities in complex urban scenarios have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jun Zhang , Jie Feng , Long Chen , Junhui Wang , Zhicheng Liu , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

Recent advancements in foundation models have improved autonomous tool usage and reasoning, but their capabilities in map-based reasoning remain underexplored. To address this, we introduce MapEval, a benchmark designed to assess foundation…

The ability to understand and reason about spatial relationships between objects in images is an important component of visual reasoning. This skill rests on the ability to recognize and localize objects of interest and determine their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Navid Rajabi , Jana Kosecka

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant progress in semantic scene understanding and text-image alignment, with reasoning variants enhancing performance on more complex tasks involving mathematics and logic.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sicheng Feng , Song Wang , Shuyi Ouyang , Lingdong Kong , Zikai Song , Jianke Zhu , Huan Wang , Xinchao Wang

As large language models (LLMs) are applied to increasingly longer and more complex tasks, there is a growing need for realistic long-context benchmarks that require selective reading and integration of heterogeneous, multi-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Aadi Palnitkar , Mingyang Mao , Nicholas Waytowich , Vinicius G. Goecks , Xiaomin Lin

In this paper, we introduce MapBench-the first dataset specifically designed for human-readable, pixel-based map-based outdoor navigation, curated from complex path finding scenarios. MapBench comprises over 1600 pixel space map path…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuo Xing , Zezhou Sun , Shuangyu Xie , Kaiyuan Chen , Yanjia Huang , Yuping Wang , Jiachen Li , Dezhen Song , Zhengzhong Tu

Geometric spatial reasoning forms the foundation of many applications in artificial intelligence, yet the ability of large language models (LLMs) to operate over geometric spatial information expressed in procedural code remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shixian Luo , Zezhou Zhu , Yu Yuan , Yuncheng Yang , Lianlei Shan , Yong Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) show remarkable potential for urban computing, from spatial reasoning to predictive analytics. However, evaluating LLMs across diverse urban tasks faces two critical challenges: lack of unified platforms for…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yaqiao Zhu , Hongkai Wen , Mark Birkin , Man Luo

Vision language models (VLMs) can simultaneously reason about images and texts to tackle many tasks, from visual question answering to image captioning. This paper focuses on map parsing, a novel task that is unexplored within the VLM…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-26 David DeFazio , Hrudayangam Mehta , Meng Wang , Ping Yang , Jeremy Blackburn , Shiqi Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains. Despite this promise, spatial understanding and reasoning -- a fundamental component of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zhenmei Shi , Vibhav Vineet , Xin Wang , Yixuan Li , Neel Joshi

Visual grounding, localizing objects from natural language descriptions, represents a critical bridge between language and vision understanding. While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve impressive scores on existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Rang Li , Lei Li , Shuhuai Ren , Hao Tian , Shuhao Gu , Shicheng Li , Zihao Yue , Yudong Wang , Wenhan Ma , Zhe Yang , Jingyuan Ma , Zhifang Sui , Fuli Luo
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