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We introduce the boolean convolution for probability measures on the unit circle. Roughly speaking, it describes the distribution of the product of two boolean independent unitary random variables. We find an analogue of the characteristic…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2009-06-13 Uwe Franz

This paper relates comparative belief structures and a general view of belief management in the setting of deductively closed logical representations of accepted beliefs. We show that the range of compatibility between the classical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Didier Dubois , Helene Fargier , Henri Prade

In classical complex analysis analyticity of a complex function $f$ is equivalent to differentiability of its real and imaginary parts $u$ and $v$, respectively, together with the Cauchy-Riemann equations for the partial derivatives of $u$…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-06-24 S ter Horst , E. M. Klem

The classical conception of falsification presents scientific theories as entities that are decisively refuted when their predictions fail. This picture has long been challenged by both philosophical analysis and scientific practice, yet…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-12-09 Tommaso Costa

Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F})$ be a standard Borel space and $\mathcal{P}(\mathcal{F})$ the collection of all probability measures on $\mathcal{F}$. Let $E\subset\Omega\times\Omega$ be a measurable equivalence relation, that is,…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-06 Luca Pratelli , Pietro Rigo

We describe fermions in terms of a classical statistical ensemble. The states $\tau$ of this ensemble are characterized by a sequence of values one or zero or a corresponding set of two-level observables. Every classical probability…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-21 C. Wetterich

An elementary recursive relation for M$\ddot{\mathrm{o}}$bius function $\mu (n)$ is introduced by two simple ways. With this recursive relation, $\mu (n)$ can be calculated without directly knowing the factorization of the $n$. $\mu (1)…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-16 Rong Qiang Wei

We will show that if $\sM$ is a factor, then for any pair $\f, \p\in\sMdsup$ of normal positive linear functionals on $\sM$, the inequality: $$ \lrnorm{\f}\leq \lrnorm{\p} $$ is equivalent to the fact that there exist a countable family…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2012-08-28 Masamichi Takesaki

Given two Hermitian matrices, $A$ and $B$, we introduce a new type of spectral measure, a $\textit{tracial joint spectral measure}$ $\mu_{A, B}$ on the plane. Existence of this measure implies the following two results: 1) any…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-06 Otte Heinävaara

We establish quantitative comparisons between classical distances for probability distributions belonging to the class of convex probability measures. Distances include total variation distance, Wasserstein distance, Kullback-Leibler…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-17 Arnaud Marsiglietti , Puja Pandey

Word similarity has many applications to social science and cultural analytics tasks like measuring meaning change over time and making sense of contested terms. Yet traditional similarity methods based on cosine similarity between word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Kaitlyn Zhou , Haishan Gao , Sarah Chen , Dan Edelstein , Dan Jurafsky , Chen Shani

The classical and quantum dynamics of simple time-reparametrization- invariant models containing two degrees of freedom are studied in detail. Elimination of one ``clock'' variable through the Hamiltonian constraint leads to a description…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Ian D. Lawrie , Richard J. Epp

The main aim of the article is to show, in the absence of the Axiom of Choice, relationships between the following, independent of $\mathbf{ZF}$, statements: "Every countable product of compact metrizable spaces is separable (respectively,…

General Topology · Mathematics 2021-09-03 Kyriakos Keremedis , Eleftherios Tachtsis , Eliza Wajch

The wrapping transformation $W$ is a homomorphism from the semigroup of probability measures on the real line, with the convolution operation, to the semigroup of probability measures on the circle, with the multiplicative convolution…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-05 Michael Anshelevich , Octavio Arizmendi

We introduce a finite version of free probability and show the link between recent results using polynomial convolutions and the traditional theory of free probability. One tool for accomplishing this is a seemingly new transformation that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Adam W. Marcus

We introduce fundamental gauge theories that can be employed to construct informed composite bright and dark extensions of the Standard Model, within and beyond the standard paradigms. The gap between theory and experiments is bridged by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-02-13 Giacomo Cacciapaglia , Claudio Pica , Francesco Sannino

The free convolution is the binary operation on the set of probability measures on the real line which allows to deduce, from the individual spectral distributions, the spectral distribution of a sum of independent unitarily invariant…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-06-05 Serban Belinschi , Florent Benaych-Georges , Alice Guionnet

We develop the complex-analytic viewpoint on the tree convolutions studied by the second author and Weihua Liu in "An operad of non-commutative independences defined by trees" (Dissertationes Mathematicae, 2020, doi:10.4064/dm797-6-2020),…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Ethan Davis , David Jekel , Zhichao Wang

We propose a test for a change in the mean for a sequence of functional observations that are only partially observed on subsets of the domain, with no information available on the complement. The framework accommodates important scenarios,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-10 Šárka Hudecová , Claudia Kirch

Let a countable amenable group $G$ act on a \zd\ compact metric space $X$. For two clopen subsets $\mathsf A$ and $\mathsf B$ of $X$ we say that $\mathsf A$ is \emph{subequivalent} to $\mathsf B$ (we write $\mathsf A\preccurlyeq \mathsf…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-09-29 Tomasz Downarowicz , Guohua Zhang