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Today, mobile operators are starting to deploy Fifth-Generation (5G) networks to expand the coverage ubiquity of broadband wireless service. In contrast, in-flight connectivity remains limited and its quality of service does not always meet…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Xingqin Lin , Anders Furuskär , Olof Liberg , Sebastian Euler

5G has a main requirement of highly flexible, ultralow latency and ultra-high bandwidth virtualized infrastructure in order to deliver end-to-end services. This requirement can be met by efficiently integrating all network segments (radio…

To meet the high demand for mobile data, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) established a set of standards known as 5G New Radio (5G NR). The architecture of 5G NR includes a flexible radio access network and a core network.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Mohammed Hirzallah , Marwan Krunz , Balkan Kecicioglu , Belal Hamzeh

To more effectively control and allocate network resources, MAC CE has been introduced into the network protocol, which is a type of control signaling located in the MAC layer. Since MAC CE lacks encryption and integrity protection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jin Cao , Yuanyuan Yang , Ruhui Ma , Sheng Li , Hui Li

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are expected to be an important new class of users in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G cellular networks. In particular, there are emerging UAV applications such as aerial photograph and data relaying…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Liang Liu , Shuowen Zhang , Rui Zhang

While research on communications at frequencies above 6 gigahertz (GHz) has been primarily confined to performance improvement, their potentially harmful impacts on human health are not studied as significantly. Most of the existing studies…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-26 Imtiaz Nasim , Seungmo Kim

The 5G protocol lacks a robust base station (BS) authentication mechanism during the initial bootstrapping phase, leaving it susceptible to threats such as fake BSs, spoofed broadcasts, and large-scale manipulation of System Information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Saleh Darzi , Mirza Masfiqur Rahman , Imtiaz Karim , Rouzbeh Behnia , Attila A Yavuz , Elisa Bertino

False Base Station (FBS) attack has been a severe security problem for the cellular network since 2G era. During handover, the user equipment (UE) periodically receives state information from surrounding base stations (BSs) and uploads it…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-22 Xiangyu Li , Kaiwen Zheng , Sidong Guo , Xiaoli Ma

Modern random access protocols are emerging as an efficient yet simple solution for arising internet of things (IoT) applications in upcoming beyond-5G systems. In this context, both terrestrial and non-terrestrial scenarios can benefit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Andrea Munari , Federico Clazzer

Due to the advancements in cellular technologies and the dense deployment of cellular infrastructure, integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond cellular networks is a promising solution to achieve…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Qingqing Wu , Jie Xu , Yong Zeng , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Naofal Al-Dhahir , Robert Schober , A. Lee Swindlehurst

Energy, water, health, transportation and emergency services act as backbones for our society. Aiming at high degrees of efficiency, these systems are increasingly automated, depending on communication systems. However, this makes these…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Felix Girke , Fabian Kurtz , Nils Dorsch , Christian Wietfeld

Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) does not support data transmission during random access (RA) procedures, which results in unnecessary control signalling overhead and power consumption, especially for small data transmission (SDT).…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-15 Hui Zhou , Yansha Deng , Luca Feltrin , Andreas Höglund

To achieve the expected 1000x data rates under the exponential growth of traffic demand, a large number of base stations (BS) or access points (AP) will be deployed in the fifth generation (5G) wireless systems, to support high data rate…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Mingjie Feng , Shiwen Mao , Tao Jiang

The channel hardening effect is less pronounced in the cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) system compared to its cellular counterpart, making it necessary to estimate the downlink effective channel gains to ensure…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Weiyang Xu , Ruiguang Wang , Yuan Zhang , Hien Quoc Ngo , Wei Xiang

Ultra-dense deployments in 5G, the next generation of cellular networks, are an alternative to provide ultra-high throughput by bringing the users closer to the base stations. On the other hand, 5G deployments must not incur a large…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Metin Ozturk , Attai Ibrahim Abubakar , João Pedro Battistella Nadas , Rao Naveed Bin Rais , Sajjad Hussain , Muhammad Ali Imran

The decoupling of data and control planes, as proposed for 5G networks, will enable the efficient implementation of multitier networks where user equipment (UE) nodes obtain coverage and connectivity through the top-tier macro-cells, and,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-22 Ozgun Y. Bursalioglu , Giuseppe Caire , Ratheesh K. Mungara , Haralabos C. Papadopoulos , Chenwei Wang

Software-defined networking (SDN) has become a fundamental technology for data centers and 5G networks. In an SDN network, routing and traffic management decisions are made by a centralized controller and communicated to switches via a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Michael Sjoholmsierchio , Britta Hale , Daniel Lukaszewski , Geoffrey G. Xie

A segmented waveguide-enabled pinching-antenna system (SWAN) is proposed, in which a segmented waveguide composed of multiple short dielectric waveguide segments is employed to radiate or receive signals through the pinching antennas (PAs)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-16 Chongjun Ouyang , Hao Jiang , Zhaolin Wang , Yuanwei Liu , Zhiguo Ding

Drones (or unmanned aerial vehicles [UAVs]) are expected to be an important component of fifth generation (5G)/beyond 5G (B5G) cellular architectures that can potentially facilitate wireless broadcast or point-to-multipoint transmissions.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Silvia Sekander , Hina Tabassum , Ekram Hossain

Future 5G cellular networks supporting ultra-reliable, low-latency communications (URLLC) could employ random access communication to reduce the overhead compared to scheduled access techniques used in 4G networks. We consider a wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Derya Malak , Howard Huang , Jeffrey G. Andrews