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Large pre-trained language models have recently been expanded and applied to programming language tasks with great success, often through further pre-training of a strictly-natural language model--where training sequences typically contain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Fenia Christopoulou , Guchun Zhang , Gerasimos Lampouras

We address the problem of predicting the correctness of the student's response on the next exam question based on their previous interactions in the course of their learning and evaluation process. We model the student performance as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Marina Delianidi , Konstantinos Diamantaras , George Chrysogonidis , Vasileios Nikiforidis

Binary code similarity detection is a core task in reverse engineering. It supports malware analysis and vulnerability discovery by identifying semantically similar code in different contexts. Modern methods have progressed from manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Charles E. Gagnon , Steven H. H. Ding , Philippe Charland , Benjamin C. M. Fung

Developing scalable solutions for training Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for link prediction tasks is challenging due to the high data dependencies which entail high computational cost and huge memory footprint. We propose a new method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Nasrullah Sheikh , Xiao Qin , Berthold Reinwald , Chuan Lei

Code completion is widely used by software developers to provide coding suggestions given a partially written code snippet. Apart from the traditional code completion methods, which only support single token completion at minimal positions,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Jingxuan Li , Rui Huang , Wei Li , Kai Yao , Weiguo Tan

With an increase of dataset availability, the potential for learning from a variety of data sources has increased. One particular method to improve learning from multiple data sources is to embed the data source during training. This allows…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Rob van der Goot , Miryam de Lhoneux

The problem of code generation from textual program descriptions has long been viewed as a grand challenge in software engineering. In recent years, many deep learning based approaches have been proposed, which can generate a sequence of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Chen Lyu , Ruyun Wang , Hongyu Zhang , Hanwen Zhang , Songlin Hu

Many Transformer-based pre-trained models for code have been developed and applied to code-related tasks. In this paper, we review the existing literature, examine the suitability of model architectures for different tasks, and look at the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yan Xiao , Xinyue Zuo , Lei Xue , Kailong Wang , Jin Song Dong , Ivan Beschastnikh

Link prediction plays an important role in network analysis and applications. Recently, approaches for link prediction have evolved from traditional similarity-based algorithms into embedding-based algorithms. However, most existing…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Lei Wang , Jing Ren , Bo Xu , Jianxin Li , Wei Luo , Feng Xia

With the rapid development of big data and AI technology, programming is in high demand and has become an essential skill for students. Meanwhile, researchers also focus on boosting the online judging system's guidance ability to reduce…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yingfan Liu , Renyu Zhu , Ming Gao

Applying machine learning to tasks that operate with code changes requires their numerical representation. In this work, we propose an approach for obtaining such representations during pre-training and evaluate them on two different…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Mikhail Pravilov , Egor Bogomolov , Yaroslav Golubev , Timofey Bryksin

A prerequisite for coding agents to perform tasks on large repositories is code localization - the identification of relevant files, classes, and functions to work on. While repository-level code localization has been performed using…

Recent years have seen the successful application of deep learning to software engineering (SE). In particular, the development and use of pre-trained models of source code has enabled state-of-the-art results to be achieved on a wide…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Changan Niu , Chuanyi Li , Bin Luo , Vincent Ng

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown that test-time scaling can substantially improve model performance on complex tasks, particularly in the coding domain. Under this paradigm, models use a larger token budget during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiaxin Fang , Runyuan He , Sahil Bhatia , Neel Gajare , Alvin Cheung

Software comprehension can be extremely time-consuming due to the ever-growing size of codebases. Consequently, there is an increasing need to accelerate the code comprehension process to facilitate maintenance and reduce associated costs.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Krzysztof Borowski , Bartosz Baliś , Tomasz Orzechowski

Pretrained language models for code token embeddings are used in code search, code clone detection, and other code-related tasks. Similarly, code function embeddings are useful in such tasks. However, there are no out-of-box models for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Anthony Varkey , Siyuan Jiang , Weijing Huang

During code reviews, an essential step in software quality assurance, reviewers have the difficult task of understanding and evaluating code changes to validate their quality and prevent introducing faults to the codebase. This is a tedious…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Doriane Olewicki , Sarra Habchi , Bram Adams

Function association is a useful process for binary reverse engineers. Search tools exist to perform association at scale, but they do not utilize the full range of capabilities that AI-enabled search provides. Prior work has explored the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Eric Wolos , Michael Doyle

Effectively adapting powerful pretrained foundation models to diverse tasks remains a key challenge in AI deployment. Current approaches primarily follow two paradigms:discrete optimization of text prompts through prompt engineering, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Xiaoming Hou , Jiquan Zhang , Zibin Lin , DaCheng Tao , Shengli Zhang

Automatic source code analysis in key areas of software engineering, such as code security, can benefit from Machine Learning (ML). However, many standard ML approaches require a numeric representation of data and cannot be applied directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Rhys Compton , Eibe Frank , Panos Patros , Abigail Koay