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The rapid development of parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods has noticeably improved the efficiency of adapting large language models. Among these, LoRA has gained widespread popularity due to its strong balance of effectiveness and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Yongfu Xue

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to new tasks through fine-tuning has been made more efficient by the introduction of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) techniques, such as LoRA. However, these methods often underperform compared…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chunlin Tian , Zhan Shi , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li , Chengzhong Xu

Continual learning (CL), which requires the model to learn multiple tasks sequentially, is crucial for large language models (LLMs). Recently, low-rank adaptation~(LoRA), one of the most representative parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yan-Shuo Liang , Jia-Rui Chen , Wu-Jun Li

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become a standard approach for adapting large pre-trained models. Amongst PEFT methods, low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has achieved notable success. However, recent studies have highlighted its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Paul Albert , Frederic Z. Zhang , Hemanth Saratchandran , Anton van den Hengel , Ehsan Abbasnejad

LoRA has become a universal Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) technique that equips Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt quickly to new tasks. However, when these models are scaled up, even the latest LoRA variants still introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xindian Ma , Rundong Kong , Peng Zhang , Ruoxiang Huang , Yongyu Jiang

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a widely used parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method that learns weight updates $\Delta W = AB$ for pretrained weights $W$ through low-rank adapters $A$ and $B$. While LoRA ensures hardware efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yibo Zhong , Jinman Zhao , Yao Zhou

As large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly compute and memory intensive, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods are now a common strategy to fine-tune LLMs. A popular PEFT method is Low-Rank Adapters (LoRA), which adds…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Damjan Kalajdzievski

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a fine-tuning technique that can be applied to conditional generative diffusion models. LoRA utilizes a small number of context examples to adapt the model to a specific domain, character, style, or concept.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Artur Kasymov , Marcin Sendera , Michał Stypułkowski , Maciej Zięba , Przemysław Spurek

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become the dominant parameter-efficient fine-tuning method for large language models, yet standard practice applies LoRA adapters uniformly to all transformer layers regardless of their relevance to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Abdulmalek Saket

In this paper, we introduce Nested Low-Rank Adaptation (NoRA), a novel approach to parameter-efficient fine-tuning that extends the capabilities of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) techniques. Vanilla LoRA overlooks pre-trained weight inheritance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Cheng Lin , Lujun Li , Dezhi Li , Jie Zou , Wei Xue , Yike Guo

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models in a parameter-efficient manner is widely studied for its effectiveness and efficiency. The popular method of low-rank adaptation (LoRA) offers a notable approach, hypothesizing that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Ning Ding , Xingtai Lv , Qiaosen Wang , Yulin Chen , Bowen Zhou , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

While Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has proven beneficial for efficiently fine-tuning large models, LoRA fine-tuned text-to-image diffusion models lack diversity in the generated images, as the model tends to copy data from the observed…

The growing scale of Large Language Models (LLMs) has necessitated the development of parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a promising approach, reducing the number of trainable parameters by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Jessica Liang , Anirudh Bharadwaj

Prompt-based all-in-one image restoration (IR) frameworks have achieved remarkable performance by incorporating degradation-specific information into prompt modules. Nevertheless, handling the complex and diverse degradations encountered in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yuang Ai , Huaibo Huang , Ran He

Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization enables large-language-model fine-tuning without storing backpropagation activations, while LoRA supplies compact trainable adapters. Combining them creates a rank paradox: increasing LoRA rank improves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ziye Chen , Hongbin Lin , Chenyu Zhang , Xiangda Yan , Yongjie Yang , Yao Shu

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), but it still incurs notable overhead and suffers from parameter interference in complex datasets. While recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Huanrong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

This paper revisits alternating low-rank updates for federated fine-tuning and examines their behavior in decentralized federated learning (DFL). While alternating the LoRA matrices has been shown to stabilize aggregation in centralized FL,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoyu Wang , Xiaotian Li , Zhixiang Zhou , Chen Li , Yong Liu

With the rapid scaling of large language models (LLMs), serving numerous low-rank adaptations (LoRAs) concurrently has become increasingly impractical, leading to unaffordable costs and necessitating more parameter-efficient finetuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Sheng Wang , Boyang Xue , Jiacheng Ye , Jiyue Jiang , Liheng Chen , Lingpeng Kong , Chuan Wu

As model sizes continue to grow, parameter-efficient fine-tuning has emerged as a powerful alternative to full fine-tuning. While LoRA is widely adopted among these methods, recent research has explored vector-based adaptation methods due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Neeraj Gangwar , Rishabh Deshmukh , Michael Shavlovsky , Hancao Li , Vivek Mittal , Lexing Ying , Nickvash Kani

In this paper, we introduce Symmetric Low-Rank Adapters, an optimized variant of LoRA with even fewer weights. This method utilizes Low-Rank Symmetric Weight Matrices to learn downstream tasks more efficiently. Traditional LoRA accumulates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Tales Panoutsos , Rodrygo L. T. Santos , Flavio Figueiredo
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