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Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in text generation, reasoning, and decision-making, enabling their adoption in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, law, and transportation. However, their reliability is a major concern, as they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Xiaoou Liu , Tiejin Chen , Longchao Da , Chacha Chen , Zhen Lin , Hua Wei

The rapid development of LLMs has sparked extensive research into their factual knowledge. Current works find that LLMs fall short on questions around low-frequency entities. However, such proofs are unreliable since the questions can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qing Zong , Zhaowei Wang , Tianshi Zheng , Xiyu Ren , Yangqiu Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the fact-checking studies. However, existing automated fact-checking evaluation methods rely on static datasets and classification metrics, which fail to automatically evaluate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hongzhan Lin , Yang Deng , Yuxuan Gu , Wenxuan Zhang , Jing Ma , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Recent research has explored the creation of questions from code submitted by students. These Questions about Learners' Code (QLCs) are created through program analysis, exploring execution paths, and then creating code comprehension…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Teemu Lehtinen , Charles Koutcheme , Arto Hellas

From pre-trained language model (PLM) to large language model (LLM), the field of natural language processing (NLP) has witnessed steep performance gains and wide practical uses. The evaluation of a research field guides its direction of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Ziyu Zhuang , Qiguang Chen , Longxuan Ma , Mingda Li , Yi Han , Yushan Qian , Haopeng Bai , Zixian Feng , Weinan Zhang , Ting Liu

Computing olympiads contain some of the most challenging problems for humans, requiring complex algorithmic reasoning, puzzle solving, in addition to generating efficient code. However, it has been understudied as a domain to evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Quan Shi , Michael Tang , Karthik Narasimhan , Shunyu Yao

The model editing problem concerns how language models should learn new facts about the world over time. While empirical research on model editing has drawn widespread attention, the conceptual foundations of model editing remain shaky --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Peter Hase , Thomas Hofweber , Xiang Zhou , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Quantum computing (QC) is increasingly transitioning toward practical and industrial adoption, highlighting the need to understand how developers engage with quantum technologies. In this study, we analyze 1,404 Stack Overflow posts related…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Maryam Tavassoli Sabzevari , Arif Ali Khan

Maybe not. We identify and analyse errors in the popular Massive Multitask Language Understanding (MMLU) benchmark. Even though MMLU is widely adopted, our analysis demonstrates numerous ground truth errors that obscure the true…

Large Language Models are increasingly applied in the petroleum industry, highlighting the need for a domain-specific evaluation framework. This study develops a benchmark for LLMs in petroleum engineering, including a three-stage process…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xiang Wang , Tingting Zhang , Sen Wang , Ying Wu , Heng Meng , Peng Zhou , Peng Li

As language models (LMs) become integral to fields like healthcare, law, and journalism, their ability to differentiate between fact, belief, and knowledge is essential for reliable decision-making. Failure to grasp these distinctions can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mirac Suzgun , Tayfun Gur , Federico Bianchi , Daniel E. Ho , Thomas Icard , Dan Jurafsky , James Zou

Individual teaching is among the most successful ways to impart knowledge. Yet, this method is not always feasible due to large numbers of students per educator. Quantum computing serves as a prime example facing this issue, due to the hype…

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive performance on complex mathematical benchmarks yet sometimes fail on basic math reasoning while generating unnecessarily verbose responses. In this paper, we present LLMThinkBench, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Gaurav Srivastava , Aafiya Hussain , Sriram Srinivasan , Xuan Wang

Studies have underscored how, regardless of the recent breakthrough and swift advances in AI research, even state-of-the-art Large Language models (LLMs) continue to struggle when performing logical and mathematical reasoning. The results…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Federico Castagna , Isabel Sassoon , Simon Parsons

Evaluating reasoning ability in Large Language Models (LLMs) is important for advancing artificial intelligence, as it transcends mere linguistic task performance. It involves understanding whether these models truly understand information,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Benjamin Grando Moreira

Financial statement auditing is essential for stakeholders to understand a company's financial health, yet current manual processes are inefficient and error-prone. Even with extensive verification procedures, auditors frequently miss…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Rushi Wang , Jiateng Liu , Weijie Zhao , Shenglan Li , Denghui Zhang

Programmers are turning to AI coding assistants to answer questions about their code. Benchmarks are needed to soundly evaluate these systems and understand their performance. To enable such a study, we curate a benchmark of real-world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ferida Mohammed , Fatma Ayad , Petros Maniatis , Satish Chandra , Elizabeth Dinella

We propose a new benchmark to measure a language model's linguistic reasoning skills without relying on pre-existing language-specific knowledge. The test covers 894 questions grouped in 160 problems across 75 (mostly) extremely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Eduardo Sánchez , Belen Alastruey , Christophe Ropers , Pontus Stenetorp , Mikel Artetxe , Marta R. Costa-jussà

This study focuses on the evaluation of the Open Question Answering (Open-QA) task, which can directly estimate the factuality of large language models (LLMs). Current automatic evaluation methods have shown limitations, indicating that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Cunxiang Wang , Sirui Cheng , Qipeng Guo , Yuanhao Yue , Bowen Ding , Zhikun Xu , Yidong Wang , Xiangkun Hu , Zheng Zhang , Yue Zhang

Students' handwritten math work provides a rich resource for diagnosing cognitive skills, as it captures intermediate reasoning beyond final answers. We investigate how current large language models (LLMs) perform in diagnosing cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yoonsu Kim , Hyoungwook Jin , Hayeon Doh , Eunhye Kim , Dongyun Jung , Seungju Kim , Kiyoon Choi , Jinho Son , Juho Kim
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