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Despite the remarkable success of the LLaVA architecture for vision-language tasks, its design inherently struggles to effectively integrate visual features due to the inherent mismatch between text and vision modalities. We tackle this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Dongwan Kim , Viresh Ranjan , Takashi Nagata , Arnab Dhua , Amit Kumar K C

Vision Transformers (ViTs) are essential as foundation backbones in establishing the visual comprehension capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). Although most ViTs achieve impressive performance through image-text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Weijie Yin , Dingkang Yang , Hongyuan Dong , Zijian Kang , Jiacong Wang , Xiao Liang , Chao Feng , Jiao Ran

Many vision-language models (VLMs) that prove very effective at a range of multimodal task, build on CLIP-based vision encoders, which are known to have various limitations. We investigate the hypothesis that the strong language backbone in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Sho Takishita , Jay Gala , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Kentaro Inui , Yova Kementchedjhieva

The integration of Large Language Model (LLMs) blocks with Vision Transformers (ViTs) holds immense promise for vision-only tasks by leveraging the rich semantic knowledge and reasoning capabilities of LLMs. However, a fundamental challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Selim Kuzucu , Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Anna Kukleva , Federico Tombari , Bernt Schiele

A dominant assumption in Multimodal Language Model (MLLM) research is that its performance is largely inherited from the LLM backbone, given its immense parameter scale and remarkable capabilities. This has created a void in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Junha Song , Sangdoo Yun , Dongyoon Han , Jaegul Choo , Byeongho Heo

Current multimodal large lanauge models possess strong perceptual and reasoning capabilities, however high computational and memory requirements make them difficult to deploy directly on on-device environments. While small-parameter models…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in multimodal tasks. Despite their impressive performance, MLLMs suffer from the modality imbalance issue, where visual information is often underutilized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hengzhuang Li , Xinsong Zhang , Qiming Peng , Bin Luo , Han Hu , Dengyang Jiang , Han-Jia Ye , Teng Zhang , Hai Jin

Lately, researchers in artificial intelligence have been really interested in how language and vision come together, giving rise to the development of multimodal models that aim to seamlessly integrate textual and visual information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rajat Chawla , Arkajit Datta , Tushar Verma , Adarsh Jha , Anmol Gautam , Ayush Vatsal , Sukrit Chaterjee , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

The success of large language models (LLMs) has fostered a new research trend of multi-modality large language models (MLLMs), which changes the paradigm of various fields in computer vision. Though MLLMs have shown promising results in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Boyang Zheng , Jinjin Gu , Shijun Li , Chao Dong

We present VisionLLM v2, an end-to-end generalist multimodal large model (MLLM) that unifies visual perception, understanding, and generation within a single framework. Unlike traditional MLLMs limited to text output, VisionLLM v2…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Jiannan Wu , Muyan Zhong , Sen Xing , Zeqiang Lai , Zhaoyang Liu , Zhe Chen , Wenhai Wang , Xizhou Zhu , Lewei Lu , Tong Lu , Ping Luo , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Recently, large language and vision models (LLVMs) have received significant attention and development efforts due to their remarkable generalization performance across a wide range of tasks requiring perception and cognitive abilities. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Young-Jun Lee , Byungsoo Ko , Han-Gyu Kim , Yechan Hwang , Ho-Jin Choi

Vision encoders are indispensable for allowing impressive performance of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in vision language tasks such as visual question answering and reasoning. However, existing vision encoders focus on global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Guanghao Zheng , Bowen Shi , Mingxing Xu , Ruoyu Sun , Peisen Zhao , Zhibo Zhang , Wenrui Dai , Junni Zou , Hongkai Xiong , Xiaopeng Zhang , Qi Tian

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have rapidly advanced by leveraging powerful pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) as core reasoning backbones. As new and more capable LLMs emerge with improved reasoning, instruction-following, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Sameera Horawalavithana , Lauren Phillips , Ian Stewart , Sai Munikoti , Karl Pazdernik

Autoregressive vision-language models (VLMs) can handle many tasks within a single model, yet the representations that enable this capability remain opaque. We find that VLMs align conceptually equivalent inputs into a shared task vector,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Grace Luo , Trevor Darrell , Amir Bar

Achieving deep alignment between vision and language remains a central challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). These models often fail to fully leverage visual input, defaulting to strong language priors. Our approach first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Aarti Ghatkesar , Ganesh Venkatesh

Despite significant advances in vision-language models (VLMs), most existing work follows an English-centric design process, limiting their effectiveness in multilingual settings. In this work, we provide a comprehensive empirical study…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in mathematical reasoning, particularly with text-based mathematical problems. However, current multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), especially those specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhen Yang , Jinhao Chen , Zhengxiao Du , Wenmeng Yu , Weihan Wang , Wenyi Hong , Zhihuan Jiang , Bin Xu , Jie Tang

Large vision--language models (VLMs) often use a frozen vision backbone, whose image features are mapped into a large language model through a lightweight connector. While transformer-based encoders are the standard visual backbone, we ask…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Shang-Jui Ray Kuo , Paola Cascante-Bonilla

Despite interpretability work analyzing VIT encoders and transformer activations, we don't yet understand why Multimodal Language Models (MLMs) struggle on perception-heavy tasks. We offer an under-studied perspective by examining how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Benlin Liu , Amita Kamath , Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin , Winson Han , Ranjay Krishna

Current visual representation learning remains bifurcated: vision-language models (e.g., CLIP) excel at global semantic alignment but lack spatial precision, while self-supervised methods (e.g., MAE, DINO) capture intricate local structures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shangzhe Di , Zhonghua Zhai , Weidi Xie
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