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Long-horizon interactive agents often accumulate large trajectory histories yet still fail to answer questions about earlier events reliably. We argue that the main bottleneck is not context length alone, but the trajectory-to-answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Encheng Su , Jinouwen Zhang , Jianyu Wu , Qiucheng Yu , Chen Tang , Pengze Li , Lintao Wang , Yizhou Wang , Xinzhu Ma , Shixiang Tang , Aoran Wang

Current approaches to memory in Large Language Models (LLMs) predominantly rely on static Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which often results in scattered retrieval and fails to capture the structural dependencies required for complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Zhengxuan Lu , Dongfang Li , Yukun Shi , Beilun Wang , Longyue Wang , Baotian Hu

Existing memory systems enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to support long-horizon human-LLM interactions by persisting historical interactions beyond limited context windows. However, while recent approaches have succeeded in constructing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haidong Xin , Xinze Li , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Cheng Yang , Yu Gu , Ge Yu , Maosong Sun

Large language model-based agents operating in long-horizon interactions require memory systems that support temporal consistency, multi-hop reasoning, and evidence-grounded reuse across sessions. Existing approaches largely rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Juexiang Ye , Xue Li , Xinyu Yang , Chengkai Huang , Lanshun Nie , Lina Yao , Dechen Zhan

Despite recent advances in understanding and leveraging long-range conversational memory, existing benchmarks still lack systematic evaluation of large language models(LLMs) across diverse memory dimensions, particularly in multi-session…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Ye Shen , Dun Pei , Yiqiu Guo , Junying Wang , Yijin Guo , Zicheng Zhang , Qi Jia , Jun Zhou , Guangtao Zhai

Large language models (LLMs) substantially enhance developer productivity in repository-level code generation through interactive collaboration. However, as interactions progress, repository context must be continuously preserved and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Peiding Wang , Li Zhang , Fang Liu , Chongyang Tao , Yinghao Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) deployed in user-facing applications require long-horizon consistency: the ability to remember prior interactions, respect user preferences, and ground reasoning in past events. However, contemporary memory…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Daivik Patel , Shrenik Patel

Large Language Models (LLMs) are constrained by their inability to process lengthy inputs, resulting in the loss of critical historical information. To address this limitation, in this paper, we propose the Self-Controlled Memory (SCM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Bing Wang , Xinnian Liang , Jian Yang , Hui Huang , Shuangzhi Wu , Peihao Wu , Lu Lu , Zejun Ma , Zhoujun Li

Large language model (LLM) agents demonstrate strong performance in short-text contexts but often underperform in extended dialogues due to inefficient memory management. Existing approaches face a fundamental trade-off between efficiency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Xiaochen Zhao , Kaikai Wang , Xiaowen Zhang , Chen Yao , Aili Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant computational and memory constraints when processing long contexts, despite growing demand for applications requiring reasoning over extensive documents, multi-session dialogues, and book length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chandra Vamsi Krishna Alla , Harish Naidu Gaddam , Manohar Kommi

Existing memory-augmented LLM agents often treat memory as a static repository with pre-defined representations and fixed retrieval pipelines, which is brittle in dynamic agentic environments where feedback, task variation, and…

Long-term conversational memory requires retrieving evidence scattered across multiple sessions, yet single-pass retrieval fails on temporal and multi-hop questions. Existing iterative methods refine queries via generated content or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yuyang Li , Yime He , Zeyu Zhang , Dong Gong

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in long running workflows, where they must preserve user and task state across many turns. Many existing agent memory systems behave like external databases with ad hoc read/write…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Pearl Mody , Mihir Panchal , Rishit Kar , Kiran Bhowmick , Ruhina Karani

Despite the remarkable success of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), their performance on a range of complex visual tasks is often hindered by a "visual processing bottleneck": a propensity to lose grounding in visual evidence and exhibit a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xinlei Yu , Chengming Xu , Guibin Zhang , Zhangquan Chen , Yudong Zhang , Yongbo He , Peng-Tao Jiang , Jiangning Zhang , Xiaobin Hu , Shuicheng Yan

Although Transformers with fully connected self-attentions are powerful to model long-term dependencies, they are struggling to scale to long texts with thousands of words in language modeling. One of the solutions is to equip the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Haozhe Ji , Rongsheng Zhang , Zhenyu Yang , Zhipeng Hu , Minlie Huang

Memory enables Large Language Model (LLM) agents to perceive, store, and use information from past dialogues, which is essential for personalization. However, existing methods fail to properly model the temporal dimension of memory in two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Miao Su , Yucan Guo , Zhongni Hou , Long Bai , Zixuan Li , Yufei Zhang , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Xiaolong Jin , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Although LLM agents can leverage tools for complex tasks, they still need memory to maintain cross-turn consistency and accumulate reusable information in long-horizon interactions. However, retrieval-based external memory systems incur low…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Jiaquan Zhang , Chaoning Zhang , Shuxu Chen , Zhenzhen Huang , Pengcheng Zheng , Zhicheng Wang , Ping Guo , Fan Mo , Sung-Ho Bae , Jie Zou , Jiwei Wei , Yang Yang

Existing works on long-term open-domain dialogues focus on evaluating model responses within contexts spanning no more than five chat sessions. Despite advancements in long-context large language models (LLMs) and retrieval augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Adyasha Maharana , Dong-Ho Lee , Sergey Tulyakov , Mohit Bansal , Francesco Barbieri , Yuwei Fang

Long-horizon LLM agents require memory systems that remain accurate under fixed context budgets. However, existing systems struggle with two persistent challenges in long-term dialogue: (i) \textbf{disconnected evidence}, where multi-hop…

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and are a powerful enabler for interactive systems. However, they still face challenges in long-term interactions that require adaptation towards the user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Rebecca Westhäußer , Frederik Berenz , Wolfgang Minker , Sebastian Zepf