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The capacity of a quantum many-body system to preserve global information -- encoded in the non-local correlations -- is a prerequisite for robust quantum computing. Unlike local degrees of freedom, large structures offer inherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Xiao Wang , Alexander Yosifov , Aditya Iyer , Jinzhao Sun

This review is devoted to the problem of thermalization in a small isolated conglomerate of interacting constituents. A variety of physically important systems of intensive current interest belong to this category: complex atoms, molecules…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-04-18 F. Borgonovi , F. M. Izrailev , L. F. Santos , V. G. Zelevinsky

The recent interest in aspects common to quantum information and condensed matter has prompted a prosperous activity at the border of these disciplines that were far distant until few years ago. Numerous interesting questions have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Luigi Amico , Rosario Fazio , Andreas Osterloh , Vlatko Vedral

The long-time dynamics of quantum systems, typically, but not always, results in a thermal steady state. The microscopic processes that lead to or circumvent this fate are of interest, since everyday experience tells us that not all spatial…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-05-13 Ken K. W. Ma , Hitesh J. Changlani

We consider the use of quantum noise to characterize many-body states of spin systems realized with ultracold atomic systems. These systems offer a wealth of experimental techniques for realizing strongly interacting many-body states in a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-11 R. W. Cherng , Eugene Demler

The irreversibility and thermalization of many-body systems can be attributed to the erasure of spread non-equilibrium state information by local operations. This thermalization mechanism can be demonstrated by the sequence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Xue-Yi Guo

Quantum thermalization occurs in a broad class of systems from elementary particles to complex materials. Out-of-equilibrium quantum systems have long been understood to either thermalize or retain memory of their initial states, but not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-20 Luheng Zhao , Prithvi Raj Datla , Weikun Tian , Mohammad Mujahid Aliyu , Huanqian Loh

How quantum information is scrambled in the global degrees of freedom of non-equilibrium many-body systems is a key question to understand local thermalization. Here we propose that the scaling of the mutual information between two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-10-01 Vincenzo Alba , Pasquale Calabrese

We present a solvable model of iterating cluster state protocols that lead to entanglement production, between contiguous blocks, of 1 ebit per iteration. This continues till the blocks are maximally entangled at which stage an unravelling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-20 Sunil K. Mishra , Arul Lakshminarayan , V. Subrahmanyam

We study dynamics of entanglement in the thermalization process of an isolated quantum many-body system. We propose a simple setup for measuring the propagation speed of entanglement entropy (EE) in numerical simulations and apply it to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-10 Ryosuke Yoshii , Shion Yamashika , Shunji Tsuchiya

Quantum Mechanical ground states of many-body systems can be important resources for various investigations: for quantum sensing, as the initial state for nonequilibrium quantum dynamics following quenches, and the simulation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Prashasti Tiwari , Dylan Lewis , Sougato Bose

Inspired by the avalanche scenario for many-body localization (MBL) instability, we reverse the conventional set-up and ask whether a large weakly-disordered chain can thermalize a smaller, strongly-disordered chain when the composite…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-21 Soumya Kanti Pal , C L Sriram , Shamik Gupta

A bipartite system whose subsystems are fully quantum chaotic and coupled by a perturbative interaction with a tunable strength is a paradigmatic model for investigating how isolated quantum systems relax towards an equilibrium. It is found…

We consider the question of thermalization for isolated quantum systems after a sudden parameter change, a so-called quantum quench. In part icular we investigate the pre-requisites for thermalization focusing on the statistical properties…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2011-01-10 G. Biroli , C. Kollath , A. Laeuchli

Quantum many-body systems are commonly considered as quantum chaotic if their spectral statistics, such as the level spacing distribution, agree with those of random matrix theory. Using the example of the kicked Ising chain we demonstrate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-16 Tabea Herrmann , Maximilian F. I. Kieler , Arnd Bäcker

An important and incompletely answered question is whether a closed quantum system of many interacting particles can be localized by disorder. The time evolution of simple (unentangled) initial states is studied numerically for a system of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-07-11 Jens H. Bardarson , Frank Pollmann , Joel E. Moore

This chapter discusses the conditions and timescales under which isolated many-body quantum systems, initially far from equilibrium, ultimately reach thermal equilibrium. We also examine quantities that, during the relaxation process,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-04-16 Isaías Vallejo-Fabila , Lea F. Santos

Thermalization in isolated quantum systems is governed by the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, while strong disorder can induce its breakdown via many-body localization. Here we show that disorder can also generate a narrow band of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-18 Yule Ma , Qianqian Chen , Mingyang Li , Zlatko Papić , Zheng Zhu

Understanding how macroscopic systems exhibit irreversible thermal behavior has been a long-standing challenge, first brought to prominence by Boltzmann. Recent advances have established rigorous conditions for isolated quantum systems to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 M. R. Passos , Thiago R. de Oliveira

A numerical linked-cluster algorithm was recently introduced to study quantum quenches in the thermodynamic limit starting from thermal initial states [M. Rigol, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 170601 (2014)]. Here, we tailor that algorithm to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-09-26 Marcos Rigol