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We show that there are 2 equivalent first order descriptions of 2+1 gravity with non-zero cosmological constant. One is the well-known spacetime description and the other is in terms of evolving conformal geometry. The key tool that links…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-27 Sean Gryb , Flavio Mercati

The most general gravity Lagrangian in four dimensions contains three topological densities, namely Nieh-Yan, Pontryagin and Euler, in addition to the Hilbert-Palatini term. We set up a Hamiltonian formulation based on this Lagrangian. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-06-01 Sandipan Sengupta

Using well known Lagrangean techniques for uncovering the gauge symmetries of a Lagrangean, we derive the transformation laws for the phase space variables corresponding to local symmetries of the Hamilton equations of motion. These…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Heinz J. Rothe

The recently introduced relativistic Lagrangian darkon fluid model (EPJ C (2015) 75:9) is generalized to a self-gravitating, irrotational, pressure-less and stress free geodesic fluid, whose energy-momentum tensor is dust-like with…

General Physics · Physics 2016-04-18 Peter C. Stichel

In Lagrangian gauge systems, the vector space of global reducibility parameters forms a module under the Lie algebra of symmetries of the action. Since the classification of global reducibility parameters is generically easier than the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-01 Glenn Barnich , Xavier Bekaert , Maxim Grigoriev

We consider the higher-order gravity theory derived from the quadratic lagrangian $R+\epsilon R^2$ in vacuum as a first-order (ADM-type) system with constraints, and build time developments of solutions of an initial value formulation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-17 Spiros Cotsakis , Seifedine Kadry , Dimitrios Trachilis

We formulate matter-coupled scaling-Carroll gravity as a gauge theory and analyze its associated gravity multiplet. After fixing the scaling symmetry, the theory is governed by the trace of the extrinsic curvature, the Carroll boost…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-03 Hamid Afshar , Mehdi Ahmadi-Jahmani

The theory described by the sum of the Einstein-Hilbert action and the action of conformal scalar field possesses the duality symmetry which includes some special conformal transformation of the metric, and also inversion of scalar field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 I. L. Shapiro

In this paper we study dynamical compactification in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity from arbitrary dimension for generic values of the coupling constants. We showed that, when the curvature of the extra dimensional space is negative, for any…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-09-26 Fabrizio Canfora , Alex Giacomini , Sergey A. Pavluchenko

Classical dynamical laws are conventionally formulated as closed evolution equations defined on fixed geometric backgrounds and a global time parameter. We develop a formulation in which neither prescribed evolution laws nor an external…

General Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Gunjan Auti , Hirofumi Daiguji , Gouhei Tanaka

Electromagnetism, the strong and the weak interaction are commonly formulated as gauge theories in a Lagrangian description. In this paper we present an alternative formal derivation of U(1)-gauge theory in a manifestly covariant Hamilton…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-03 Adrian Koenigstein , Johannes Kirsch , Horst Stoecker , Juergen Struckmeier , David Vasak , Matthias Hanauske

The main result of this paper is the construction of a conformally covariant operator in two dimensions acting on scalar fields and containing fourth order derivatives. In this way it is possible to derive a class of Lagrangians invariant…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Franco Ferrari

A complete analysis of the consequences of introducing a set of holonomic gauge fixing constraints (to fix the dynamics) into a singular Lagrangian is performed. It is shown in general that the dynamical system originated from the reduced…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Josep M. Pons

The requirement that both the matter and the geometry of a spacetime canonically evolve together, starting and ending on shared Cauchy surfaces and independently of the intermediate foliation, leaves one with little choice for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-02 Maximilian Düll , Frederic P. Schuller , Nadine Stritzelberger , Florian Wolz

We study the nonlinear gravitational dynamics of a universe filled with a pressureless fluid and a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ in the context of Newtonian gravity, and in the relativistic post-Friedmann approach proposed in paper I [I.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-26 Cornelius Rampf , Eleonora Villa , Daniele Bertacca , Marco Bruni

We consider a class of Lorentz gauge gravity theories within Riemann-Cartan geometry which admits a topological phase in the gravitational sector. The dynamic content of such theories is determined only by the contortion part of the Lorentz…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-04-12 D. G. Pak , Youngman Kim , Takuya Tsukioka

Within the framework of four-dimensional quadratic curvature gravities in the appearance of a negative cosmological constant, a definition for the gravitational energy of solutions with anti-de Sitter (AdS) asymptotics was put forward in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-23 Meng-Liang Wang , Jun-Jin Peng

It is well known that, making the Abelian projection of Einstein's theory one can obtain the restricted gravity which is simpler than Einstein's theory but describes the core dynamics of Einstein's gravity. In this paper we present the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-10 S. H. Oh , Sangwoo Kim , Y. M. Cho

In this note the Hamiltonian formulation of four-dimensional gravity, in the Palatini-Cartan formalism, is recovered by elimination of an auxiliary field appearing as part of the connection.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-29 Giovanni Canepa , Alberto S. Cattaneo

In this article I first give an abbreviated history of string theory and then describe the recently-conjectured field-string duality. This suggests a class of nonsupersymmetric gauge theories which are conformal (CGT) to leading order of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 P. H. Frampton