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Bayesian inference with computationally expensive likelihood evaluations remains a significant challenge in many scientific domains. We propose normalizing flow regression (NFR), a novel offline inference method for approximating posterior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-17 Chengkun Li , Bobby Huggins , Petrus Mikkola , Luigi Acerbi

Diffusion models excel at generating high-likelihood samples but often require alignment with downstream objectives. Existing fine-tuning methods for diffusion models significantly suffer from reward over-optimization, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Hyeongyu Kang , Jaewoo Lee , Woocheol Shin , Kiyoung Om , Jinkyoo Park

In real-world decision making tasks, it is critical for data-driven reinforcement learning methods to be both stable and sample efficient. On-policy methods typically generate reliable policy improvement throughout training, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 James Queeney , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis , Christos G. Cassandras

Most action recognition solutions rely on dense sampling to precisely cover the informative temporal clip. Extensively searching temporal region is expensive for a real-world application. In this work, we focus on improving the inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Chunhui Liu , Xinyu Li , Hao Chen , Davide Modolo , Joseph Tighe

Building compact convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with reliable performance is a critical but challenging task, especially when deploying them in real-world applications. As a common approach to reduce the size of CNNs, pruning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Hang Li , Chen Ma , Wei Xu , Xue Liu

Diffusion models, such as diffusion policy, have achieved state-of-the-art results in robotic manipulation by imitating expert demonstrations. While diffusion models were originally developed for vision tasks like image and video…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mateo Clemente , Leo Brunswic , Rui Heng Yang , Xuan Zhao , Yasser Khalil , Haoyu Lei , Amir Rasouli , Yinchuan Li

Sampling from high-dimensional distributions is a fundamental problem in statistical research and practice. However, great challenges emerge when the target density function is unnormalized and contains isolated modes. We tackle this…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-11 Yixuan Qiu , Xiao Wang

The ability to learn multi-modal action distributions is indispensable for robotic manipulation policies to perform precise and robust control. Flow-based generative models have recently emerged as a promising solution to learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Guowei Zou , Haitao Wang , Hejun Wu , Yukun Qian , Yuhang Wang , Weibing Li

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) of large language models can be viewed as an off-policy learning problem, where expert demonstrations come from a fixed behavior policy while training aims to optimize a target policy. Importance sampling is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Shiwan Zhao , Xuyang Zhao , Jiaming Zhou , Aobo Kong , Qicheng Li , Yong Qin

Many real-world manipulation tasks consist of a series of subtasks that are significantly different from one another. Such long-horizon, complex tasks highlight the potential of dexterous hands, which possess adaptability and versatility,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yuanpei Chen , Chen Wang , Li Fei-Fei , C. Karen Liu

We develop an iterative (greedy) deep learning (DL) algorithm which is able to transform an arbitrary probability distribution function (PDF) into the target PDF. The model is based on iterative Optimal Transport of a series of 1D slices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Biwei Dai , Uros Seljak

We propose ReinFlow, a simple yet effective online reinforcement learning (RL) framework that fine-tunes a family of flow matching policies for continuous robotic control. Derived from rigorous RL theory, ReinFlow injects learnable noise…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Tonghe Zhang , Chao Yu , Sichang Su , Yu Wang

Existing methods for the 4D reconstruction of general, non-rigidly deforming objects focus on novel-view synthesis and neglect correspondences. However, time consistency enables advanced downstream tasks like 3D editing, motion analysis, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Edith Tretschk , Vladislav Golyanik , Michael Zollhoefer , Aljaz Bozic , Christoph Lassner , Christian Theobalt

By chaining a sequence of differentiable invertible transformations, normalizing flows (NF) provide an expressive method of posterior approximation, exact density evaluation, and sampling. The trend in normalizing flow literature has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Robert Giaquinto , Arindam Banerjee

We consider the problem of sampling from a discrete and structured distribution as a sequential decision problem, where the objective is to find a stochastic policy such that objects are sampled at the end of this sequential process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Tristan Deleu , Padideh Nouri , Nikolay Malkin , Doina Precup , Yoshua Bengio

A prominent challenge to the safe and optimal operation of the modern power grid arises due to growing uncertainties in loads and renewables. Stochastic optimal power flow (SOPF) formulations provide a mechanism to handle these…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Sarthak Gupta , Sidhant Misra , Deepjyoti Deka , Vassilis Kekatos

ESG-aware portfolio optimization is increasingly important for sustainable capital allocation, yet most learning-based methods still operationalize ESG by appending static scores to the policy observation or reward. This creates a mismatch…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xin Li , Yan Ke , Longbing Cao

The performance of text-to-image diffusion models may be improved at test-time by scaling computation to search for a generated image that maximizes a given reward function. While existing trajectory level exploration methods improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Qingtao Yu , Changlin Song , Minghao Sun , Zhengyang Yu , Vinay Kumar Verma , Soumya Roy , Sumit Negi , Hongdong Li , Dylan Campbell

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been extensively employed in a wide range of decision-making problems, such as games and robotics. Recently, diffusion policies have shown strong potential in modeling multi-modal behaviors, enabling more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Ben Liu , Shunpeng Yang , Hua Chen

Diffusion Policy has dominated action generation due to its strong capabilities for modeling multi-modal action distributions, but its multi-step denoising processes make it impractical for real-time visuomotor control. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Kangye Ji , Jianbo Zhou , Yuan Meng , Ye Li , Hanyun Cui , Zhi Wang