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Retrieving binary code via natural language queries is a pivotal capability for downstream tasks in the software security domain, such as vulnerability detection and malware analysis. However, it is challenging to identify binary functions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Guoqiang Chen , Lingyun Ying , Ziyang Song , Daguang Liu , Qiang Wang , Zhiqi Wang , Li Hu , Shaoyin Cheng , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Binary code similarity analysis (BCSA) is a crucial research area in many fields such as cybersecurity. Specifically, function-level diffing tools are the most widely used in BCSA: they perform function matching one by one for evaluating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Zhijie Liu , Qiyi Tang , Sen Nie , Shi Wu , Liang Feng Zhang , Yutian Tang

Binary code similarity analysis (BCSA) is widely used for diverse security applications, including plagiarism detection, software license violation detection, and vulnerability discovery. Despite the surging research interest in BCSA, it is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Dongkwan Kim , Eunsoo Kim , Sang Kil Cha , Sooel Son , Yongdae Kim

Binary similarity analysis determines if two binary executables are from the same source program. Existing techniques leverage static and dynamic program features and may utilize advanced Deep Learning techniques. Although they have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Xiangzhe Xu , Zhou Xuan , Shiwei Feng , Siyuan Cheng , Yapeng Ye , Qingkai Shi , Guanhong Tao , Le Yu , Zhuo Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang

Binary similarity involves determining whether two binary programs exhibit similar functionality, often originating from the same source code. In this work, we propose VexIR2Vec, an approach for binary similarity using VEX-IR, an…

Security of software supply chains is necessary to ensure that software updates do not contain maliciously injected code or introduce vulnerabilities that may compromise the integrity of critical infrastructure. Verifying the integrity of…

Binary code search plays a crucial role in applications like software reuse detection. Currently, existing models are typically based on either internal code semantics or a combination of function call graphs (CG) and internal code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yongpan Wang , Hong Li , Xiaojie Zhu , Siyuan Li , Chaopeng Dong , Shouguo Yang , Kangyuan Qin

Binary Code Similarity Detection (BCSD) plays a crucial role in numerous fields, including vulnerability detection, malware analysis, and code reuse identification. As IoT devices proliferate and rapidly evolve, their highly heterogeneous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Xiuwei Shang , Li Hu , Shaoyin Cheng , Guoqiang Chen , Benlong Wu , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Fabric image retrieval is beneficial to many applications including clothing searching, online shopping and cloth modeling. Learning pairwise image similarity is of great importance to an image retrieval task. With the resurgence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Daiguo Deng , Ruomei Wang , Hefeng Wu , Huayong He , Qi Li , Xiaonan Luo

Binary hashing is a well-known approach for fast approximate nearest-neighbor search in information retrieval. Much work has focused on affinity-based objective functions involving the hash functions or binary codes. These objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-05 Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán , Ramin Raziperchikolaei

Binary2source function matching is a fundamental task for many security applications, including Software Component Analysis (SCA). The "1-to-1" mechanism has been applied in existing binary2source matching works, in which one binary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Ang Jia , Ming Fan , Xi Xu , Wuxia Jin , Haijun Wang , Qiyi Tang , Sen Nie , Shi Wu , Ting Liu

Function association is a useful process for binary reverse engineers. Search tools exist to perform association at scale, but they do not utilize the full range of capabilities that AI-enabled search provides. Prior work has explored the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Eric Wolos , Michael Doyle

Software security relies on effective vulnerability detection and patching, yet determining whether a patch fully eliminates risk remains an underexplored challenge. Existing vulnerability benchmarks often treat patched functions as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Mohammad Farhad , Shuvalaxmi Dass

The Structural Similarity (SSIM) Index is a very widely used image/video quality model that continues to play an important role in the perceptual evaluation of compression algorithms, encoding recipes and numerous other image/video…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-12 Abhinau K. Venkataramanan , Chengyang Wu , Alan C. Bovik , Ioannis Katsavounidis , Zafar Shahid

Binary code analysis plays an essential role in cybersecurity, facilitating reverse engineering to reveal the inner workings of programs in the absence of source code. Traditional approaches, such as static and dynamic analysis, extract…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jiyong Uhm , Minseok Kim , Michalis Polychronakis , Hyungjoon Koo

Binary function similarity, which often relies on learning-based algorithms to identify what functions in a pool are most similar to a given query function, is a sought-after topic in different communities, including machine learning,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Gianluca Capozzi , Tong Tang , Jie Wan , Ziqi Yang , Daniele Cono D'Elia , Giuseppe Antonio Di Luna , Lorenzo Cavallaro , Leonardo Querzoni

Binary similarity analysis is critical to many code-reuse-related issues and "1-to-1" mechanism is widely applied, where one function in a binary file is matched against one function in a source file or binary file. However, we discover…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Ang Jia , Ming Fan , Wuxia Jin , Xi Xu , Zhaohui Zhou , Qiyi Tang , Sen Nie , Shi Wu , Ting Liu

Given a binary executable without source code, it is difficult to determine what each function in the binary does by reverse engineering it, and even harder without prior experience and context. In this paper, we performed a comparison of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Haoxi Tan

In recent years, deep metric learning has achieved promising results in learning high dimensional semantic feature embeddings where the spatial relationships of the feature vectors match the visual similarities of the images. Similarity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Konstantin Schall , Kai Uwe Barthel , Nico Hezel , Klaus Jung

Being a promising model to be deployed in resource-limited devices, Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) have drawn extensive attention from both academic and industry. However, comparing to the full-precision deep neural networks (DNNs), BNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Yanfei Li , Ang Li , Huimin Yu