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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in diverse tasks across different domains, with an increasing focus on improving their zero-shot generalization capabilities for unseen multimodal tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Ying Shen , Zhiyang Xu , Qifan Wang , Yu Cheng , Wenpeng Yin , Lifu Huang

We present CRM (Multi-Agent Collaborative Reward Model), a framework that replaces a single black-box reward model with a coordinated team of specialist evaluators to improve robustness and interpretability in RLHF. Conventional reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Pei Yang , Ke Zhang , Ji Wang , Xiao Chen , Yuxin Tang , Eric Yang , Lynn Ai , Bill Shi

While reinforcement learning for large language model alignment has progressed rapidly in recent years, transferring these paradigms to high-stakes medical question answering reveals a fundamental paradigm mismatch. Reinforcement Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Tianxiang Xu , Jiayi Liu , Yixuan Tong , Jialu Xu , Yunqing Wei , Kaiwen Feng , PanPan Hou , Kangping Yin , Jiyuan Hu , Hao Zhou , Zhenxin Ma , Jian Xu , Guanjun Jiang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities, yet their performance is often capped by the coarse nature of existing alignment techniques. A critical bottleneck remains the lack of effective reward models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zicheng Kong , Dehua Ma , Zhenbo Xu , Alven Yang , Yiwei Ru , Haoran Wang , Zixuan Zhou , Fuqing Bie , Liuyu Xiang , Huijia Wu , Jian Zhao , Zhaofeng He

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a pivotal technique for aligning artificial intelligence systems with human values, achieving remarkable success in fine-tuning large language models. However, existing RLHF…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Renpu Liu , Peng Wang , Donghao Li , Cong Shen , Jing Yang

The reward model has become increasingly important in alignment, assessment, and data construction for large language models (LLMs). Most existing researchers focus on enhancing reward models through data improvements, following the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Shujun Liu , Xiaoyu Shen , Yuhang Lai , Siyuan Wang , Shengbin Yue , Zengfeng Huang , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Reward models (RMs) are essential for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences to improve interaction quality. However, the real world is pluralistic, which leads to diversified human preferences with respect to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Pengyu Cheng , Jiawen Xie , Ke Bai , Yong Dai , Nan Du

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) often fail to align with human preferences, leading to issues like generating misleading content without proper visual context (also known as hallucination). A promising solution to this problem is using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Chenglong Wang , Yang Gan , Yifu Huo , Yongyu Mu , Murun Yang , Qiaozhi He , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Tongran Liu , Quan Du , Di Yang , Jingbo Zhu

Shaping powerful LLMs to be beneficial and safe is central to AI alignment. We argue that post-training alignment is fundamentally a unified Preference Learning problem, involving two modalities: demonstrated preferences (e.g., Supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 FaQiang Qian , WeiKun Zhang , Ziliang Wang , Kang An , Xuhui Zheng , Liangjian Wen , Mengya Gao , Yong Dai , Yichao Wu

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has shown promise in aligning large language models (LLMs). Yet its reliance on a singular reward model often overlooks the diversity of human preferences. Recent approaches address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Tianze Wang , Dongnan Gui , Yifan Hu , Shuhang Lin , Linjun Zhang

This paper investigates how to better leverage large-scale pre-trained uni-modal models to further enhance discriminative multi-modal learning. Even when fine-tuned with only uni-modal data, these models can outperform previous multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Chenzhuang Du , Yue Zhao , Chonghua Liao , Jiacheng You , Jie Fu , Hang Zhao

Human drivers exhibit individual preferences regarding driving style. Adapting autonomous vehicles to these preferences is essential for user trust and satisfaction. However, existing end-to-end driving approaches often rely on predefined…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Hendrik Surmann , Jorge de Heuvel , Maren Bennewitz

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) approaches have emerged to tackle many real-world problems with multiple conflicting objectives by maximizing a joint objective function weighted by a preference vector. These approaches find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Toygun Basaklar , Suat Gumussoy , Umit Y. Ogras

As multimedia content expands, the demand for unified multimodal retrieval (UMR) in real-world applications increases. Recent work leverages multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to tackle this task. However, their large parameter size…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yibo Lyu , Rui Shao , Gongwei Chen , Yijie Zhu , Weili Guan , Liqiang Nie

Preference learning is critical for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, with the quality of preference datasets playing a crucial role in this process. While existing metrics primarily assess data quality based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Kexin Huang , Junkang Wu , Ziqian Chen , Xue Wang , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Jiancan Wu , Xiangnan He , Xiang Wang

Multi-objective preference alignment in language models often encounters a challenging trade-off: optimizing for one human preference (e.g., helpfulness) frequently compromises others (e.g., harmlessness) due to the inherent conflicts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Zhihao Xu , Yongqi Tong , Xin Zhang , Jun Zhou , Xiting Wang

Human preference alignment is essential to improve the interaction quality of large language models (LLMs). Existing alignment methods depend on manually annotated preference data to guide the LLM optimization directions. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Pengyu Cheng , Yifan Yang , Jian Li , Yong Dai , Tianhao Hu , Peixin Cao , Nan Du , Xiaolong Li

Multi-objective alignment from human feedback (MOAHF) in large language models (LLMs) is a challenging problem as human preferences are complex, multifaceted, and often conflicting. Recent works on MOAHF considered a-priori multi-objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Subhojyoti Mukherjee , Anusha Lalitha , Sailik Sengupta , Aniket Deshmukh , Branislav Kveton

Recent advancements in multimodal reward models (RMs) have significantly propelled the development of visual generation. Existing frameworks typically adopt Bradley-Terry-style preference modeling or leverage generative VLMs as judges, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yibin Wang , Yuhang Zang , Feng Han , Jiazi Bu , Yujie Zhou , Cheng Jin , Jiaqi Wang

Fine-grained control over large language models (LLMs) remains a significant challenge, hindering their adaptability to diverse user needs. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) shows promise in aligning LLMs, its reliance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Haoxiang Wang , Yong Lin , Wei Xiong , Rui Yang , Shizhe Diao , Shuang Qiu , Han Zhao , Tong Zhang