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Contrastive learning is an efficient approach to self-supervised representation learning. Although recent studies have made progress in the theoretical understanding of contrastive learning, the investigation of how to characterize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Hiroki Waida , Yuichiro Wada , Léo Andéol , Takumi Nakagawa , Yuhui Zhang , Takafumi Kanamori

Supervised classification has a theoretical optimum, Neural Collapse (NC), yet neither of its two dominant paradigms reaches it in practice. Cross entropy (CE) leaves radial degrees of freedom unconstrained and converges to a degenerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Panagiotis Koromilas , Theodoros Giannakopoulos , Mihalis A. Nicolaou , Yannis Panagakis

Expert systems often operate in domains characterized by class-imbalanced tabular data, where detecting rare but critical instances is essential for safety and reliability. While conventional approaches, such as cost-sensitive learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Md Abrar Jahin , Adiba Abid , M. F. Mridha

Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning has proven effective in deriving high-quality representations from unlabeled data. However, a major challenge that hinders both unimodal and multimodal contrastive learning is feature suppression, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jihai Zhang , Xiang Lan , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng , Mengling Feng , Bryan Hooi

Contrastive learning (CL) has emerged as a powerful technique for representation learning, with or without label supervision. However, supervised CL is prone to collapsing representations of subclasses within a class by not capturing all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yihao Xue , Siddharth Joshi , Eric Gan , Pin-Yu Chen , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

We present a collaborative learning method called Mutual Contrastive Learning (MCL) for general visual representation learning. The core idea of MCL is to perform mutual interaction and transfer of contrastive distributions among a cohort…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Chuanguang Yang , Zhulin An , Linhang Cai , Yongjun Xu

Real-scene image super-resolution aims to restore real-world low-resolution images into their high-quality versions. A typical RealSR framework usually includes the optimization of multiple criteria which are designed for different image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Yukai Shi , Hao Li , Sen Zhang , Zhijing Yang , Xiao Wang

We present Cycle-Contrastive Learning (CCL), a novel self-supervised method for learning video representation. Following a nature that there is a belong and inclusion relation of video and its frames, CCL is designed to find correspondences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Quan Kong , Wenpeng Wei , Ziwei Deng , Tomoaki Yoshinaga , Tomokazu Murakami

Contrastive Learning (CL) has recently emerged as a powerful technique in recommendation systems, particularly for its capability to harness self-supervised signals from perturbed views to mitigate the persistent challenge of data sparsity.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zheyu Chen , Jinfeng Xu , Yutong Wei , Ziyue Peng

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) aims to learn representations from unlabeled graph data in a self-supervised manner and has developed rapidly in recent years. However, edgelevel contrasts are not well explored by most existing GCL methods.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yujun Li , Hongyuan Zhang , Yuan Yuan

Most video-and-language representation learning approaches employ contrastive learning, e.g., CLIP, to project the video and text features into a common latent space according to the semantic similarities of text-video pairs. However, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Peng Jin , Jinfa Huang , Fenglin Liu , Xian Wu , Shen Ge , Guoli Song , David A. Clifton , Jie Chen

Unsupervised clustering aims at discovering the semantic categories of data according to some distance measured in the representation space. However, different categories often overlap with each other in the representation space at the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Dejiao Zhang , Feng Nan , Xiaokai Wei , Shangwen Li , Henghui Zhu , Kathleen McKeown , Ramesh Nallapati , Andrew Arnold , Bing Xiang

Recently, some contrastive learning methods have been proposed to simultaneously learn representations and clustering assignments, achieving significant improvements. However, these methods do not take the category information and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Huasong Zhong , Jianlong Wu , Chong Chen , Jianqiang Huang , Minghua Deng , Liqiang Nie , Zhouchen Lin , Xian-Sheng Hua

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) has emerged as a pivotal technique in the domain of graph representation learning. A crucial aspect of effective GCL is the caliber of generated positive and negative samples, which is intrinsically dictated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Xinjian Zhao , Liang Zhang , Yang Liu , Ruocheng Guo , Xiangyu Zhao

Contrastive Learning (CL) has shown promising performance in collaborative filtering. The key idea is to generate augmentation-invariant embeddings by maximizing the Mutual Information between different augmented views of the same instance.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Huiyuan Chen , Vivian Lai , Hongye Jin , Zhimeng Jiang , Mahashweta Das , Xia Hu

Unsupervised graph representation learning is a non-trivial topic. The success of contrastive methods in the unsupervised representation learning on structured data inspires similar attempts on the graph. Existing graph contrastive learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Tianyu Zhang , Yuxiang Ren , Wenzheng Feng , Weitao Du , Xuecang Zhang

Learning good image representations that are beneficial to downstream tasks is a challenging task in computer vision. As such, a wide variety of self-supervised learning approaches have been proposed. Among them, contrastive learning has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Yun Yue , Fangzhou Lin , Kazunori D Yamada , Ziming Zhang

Despite its success in self-supervised learning, contrastive learning is less studied in the supervised setting. In this work, we first use a set of pilot experiments to show that in the supervised setting, the cross-entropy loss objective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Liz Li , Wei Zhu

Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

We propose a novel contrastive learning framework to effectively address the challenges of data heterogeneity in federated learning. We first analyze the inconsistency of gradient updates across clients during local training and establish…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Seonguk Seo , Jinkyu Kim , Geeho Kim , Bohyung Han